| Title: |
Identifying the Relationship Between Continuous Glucose Monitor Time in Range and Basal Insulin Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes |
| Authors: |
Nørlev, Jannie Toft Damsgaard; Kronborg, Thomas; Jensen, Morten Hasselstrøm; Vestergaard, Peter; Hejlesen, Ole; Hangaard, Stine |
| Source: |
Nørlev, J T D, Kronborg, T, Jensen, M H, Vestergaard, P, Hejlesen, O & Hangaard, S 2026, 'Identifying the Relationship Between Continuous Glucose Monitor Time in Range and Basal Insulin Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes', Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 374-380. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241296828 |
| Publication Year: |
2026 |
| Collection: |
Aalborg University (AAU): Publications / Aalborg Universitet: Publikationer |
| Subject Terms: |
adherence; connected insulin pen; insulin dosing data; insulin therapy; type 2 diabetes |
| Description: |
BACKGROUND: The study aimed to determine the relationship between basal insulin adherence and glycemic control evaluated by time in range (TIR) in people with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D), using data from both continuous glucose monitors (CGM) and connected insulin pens. Furthermore, the study aimed to determine the best basal insulin adherence metric. METHODS: CGM data and basal insulin data were collected from 106 insulin-treated people (aged ≥18 years) with T2D. Three different adherence metrics were employed (dose deviation, dose deviation ≤20%, and a traditional metric) and a three-step methodology was used to measure insulin adherence level. The coefficient of determination (R2), based on a univariate linear regression analysis, was used to determine the relationship between each adherence metric and TIR. RESULTS: A statistically significant relationship was observed between TIR and adherence quantified as the dose deviation ≤20% metric (R2 = 0.67, P = .006). Neither the relationship between the dose deviation metric and TIR (R2 = 0.43, P = .08) nor the relationship between the traditional metric and TIR (R2 = 0.35, P =.23) was found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates a relationship between basal insulin adherence and TIR in people with insulin-treated T2D. This seems to underscore the role of basal insulin adherence for optimal glycemic outcomes and utilizing TIR as a clinical marker. Furthermore, the results suggest that the magnitude of deviation from the recommended basal insulin dose impacts glycemic control, indicating dose deviation ≤20% as a more accurate metric for quantifying adherence. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1932-2968 |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/39523580; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1932-2968 |
| DOI: |
10.1177/19322968241296828 |
| Availability: |
https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/7aa90b5e-e33e-4b05-b3e7-d355a1ac891c; https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241296828; https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/752259256/NOERLEV_Manuscript_accepteret.pdf; https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85208793549 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.91CECF6D |
| Database: |
BASE |