| Title: |
CryoDE: A Digital Cryogenic Detector Emulator for Microwave SQUID Multiplexed Systems |
| Authors: |
Muscheid, Timo; Crovo, Daniel; Gartmann, Robert; Gerlein, E.; Sander, Oliver; Kempf, Sebastian; Ardila-Perez, Luis E. |
| Source: |
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity ; ISSN: 1051-8223, 1558-2515, 2378-7074 |
| Publisher Information: |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| Publication Year: |
2026 |
| Collection: |
KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technologie) |
| Subject Terms: |
Data Acquisition (DAQ) System; Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA); Frequency-Division Multiplexing; Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID); ddc:620; Engineering & allied operations; info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/620 |
| Description: |
Simultaneous readout of large-scale cryogenic detector arrays relies on multiplexing schemes such as the Frequency- Division Multiplexing (FDM) with microwave Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) multiplexers and highly customized readout electronics. In traditional detector systems, where mixed-signal ASICs are used in detector frontends and typically provide a digital interface, Hardware-in-the- Loop (HIL) testing can be readily implemented by reusing the existing digital logic of the front-end for emulation purposes. Such straightforward emulation is not possible for FDM lowtemperature detectors, where the sensor signal is encoded in a high-frequency microwave carrier via a two-stage modulation scheme depending on the cryogenic resonators and the SQUID response. To address this challenge, we present CryoDE, a digital cryogenic-detector emulator for microwave SQUID multiplexed detector systems. CryoDE generates the encoded detector signals, including realistic pulse responses, enabling full HIL testing of the room-temperature DAQ system without requiring the cryogenic hardware. This resource-efficient FPGA-based detector twin integrates seamlessly into existing DAQ systems and allows experiment-specific adjustment of detector-signal parameters.We describe the internal architecture and capabilities of CryoDE within our custom HIL framework and demonstrate its use in evaluating the performance of real-time signal processing firmware optimized for different microwave SQUID multiplexed cryogenic-detector experiments. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1051-8223; 1558-2515; 2378-7074 |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/001687341600001; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1051-8223; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1558-2515; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2378-7074; https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000190273 |
| Availability: |
https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000190273 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.95F1DAE6 |
| Database: |
BASE |