| Title: |
The Smokers Health Multiple ACtions (SMAC-1) Trial: Study Design and Results of the Baseline Round |
| Authors: |
Antonicelli A.; Muriana P.; Favaro G.; Mangiameli G.; Lanza E.; Profili M.; Bianchi F.; Fina E.; Ferrante G.; Ghislandi S.; Pistillo D.; Finocchiaro G.; Condorelli G.; Lembo R.; Novellis P.; Dieci E.; De Santis S.; Veronesi G. |
| Contributors: |
Antonicelli, A.; Muriana, P.; Favaro, G.; Mangiameli, G.; Lanza, E.; Profili, M.; Bianchi, F.; Fina, E.; Ferrante, G.; Ghislandi, S.; Pistillo, D.; Finocchiaro, G.; Condorelli, G.; Lembo, R.; Novellis, P.; Dieci, E.; De Santis, S.; Veronesi, G. |
| Publisher Information: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Subject Terms: |
COPD; coronary artery calcium; early detection; low-dose computed tomography scanning; lung cancer; nicotine dependence; primary prevention; screening; smoking; tobacco |
| Description: |
Background: Lung cancer screening with low-dose helical computed tomography (LDCT) reduces mortality in high-risk subjects. Cigarette smoking is linked to up to 90% of lung cancer deaths. Even more so, it is a key risk factor for many other cancers and cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. The Smokers health Multiple ACtions (SMAC-1) trial aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of an integrated program based on the early detection of smoking-related thoraco-cardiovascular diseases in high-risk subjects, combined with primary prevention. A new multi-component screening design was utilized to strengthen the framework on conventional lung cancer screening programs. We report here the study design and the results from our baseline round, focusing on oncological findings. Methods: High-risk subjects were defined as being >55 years of age and active smokers or formers who had quit within 15 years (>30 pack/y). A PLCOm2012 threshold >2% was chosen. Subject outreach was streamlined through media campaign and general practitioners’ engagement. Eligible subjects, upon written informed consent, underwent a psychology consultation, blood sample collection, self-evaluation questionnaire, spirometry, and LDCT scan. Blood samples were analyzed for pentraxin-3 protein levels, interleukins, microRNA, and circulating tumor cells. Cardiovascular risk assessment and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring were performed. Direct and indirect costs were analyzed focusing on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per quality-adjusted life years gained in different scenarios. Personalized screening time-intervals were determined using the “Maisonneuve risk re-calculation model”, and a threshold |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/38254906; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:001151874800001; volume:16; issue:2; numberofpages:18; journal:CANCERS; https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11768/156345 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/cancers16020417 |
| Availability: |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11768/156345; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020417; https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/2/417 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; license:Creative commons ; license uri:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.C061434F |
| Database: |
BASE |