| Title: |
Lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A 2 and cardiovascular disease risk in HIV infection |
| Authors: |
Ross Eckard, A; Longenecker, CT; Jiang, Y; Debanne, SM; Labbato, D; Storer, N; McComsey, GA |
| Contributors: |
National Institutes of Health |
| Source: |
HIV Medicine ; volume 15, issue 9, page 537-546 ; ISSN 1464-2662 1468-1293 |
| Publisher Information: |
Wiley |
| Publication Year: |
2014 |
| Collection: |
Wiley Online Library (Open Access Articles via Crossref) |
| Description: |
Objectives HIV ‐infected patients on antiretroviral therapy ( ART ) have an increased cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk as a result of heightened inflammation and immune activation, despite at times having normal lipids and few traditional risk factors. Biomarkers are needed to identify such patients before a clinical event. Lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A 2 ( Lp‐PLA 2 ) predicts CVD events in the general population. This study investigated the relationship between Lp‐PLA 2 and markers of CVD risk, systemic inflammation, immune activation, and coagulation in HIV infection. Methods One hundred subjects on stable ART with normal fasting low‐density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol were enrolled in the study. Plasma Lp‐PLA 2 concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ; > 200 ng/mL was considered high CVD risk). Subclinical atherosclerosis, endothelial function, inflammation, immune activation and fasting lipids were also evaluated. Results The median age of the patients was 47 years and 77% were male. Median (range) Lp‐PLA 2 was 209 (71–402) ng/mL. Fifty‐seven per cent of patients had Lp‐PLA 2 concentrations > 200 ng/mL. Lp‐PLA 2 was positively correlated with soluble markers of inflammation or immune activation (tumour necrosis factor receptor‐ II , intercellular and vascular cellular adhesion molecules, and CD 14; all R = 0.3; P < 0.01), and negatively correlated with coagulation markers ( D ‐dimer and fibrinogen; both R = −0.2; P < 0.04). Lp‐PLA 2 was not correlated with lipids, coronary artery calcium score, or flow‐mediated vasodilation, but trended towards a significant correlation with carotid intima‐media thickness ( R = 0.2; P = 0.05). Conclusions In this population with stable ART and normal LDL cholesterol, Lp‐PLA 2 was in the high CVD risk category in the majority of subjects. Lp‐PLA 2 appears to be associated with inflammation/immune activation, but also with anti‐thrombotic effects. Lp‐PLA 2 may represent a valuable early biomarker of CVD risk in HIV ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1111/hiv.12143 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12143; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fhiv.12143; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/hiv.12143 |
| Rights: |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.C1A7FB4F |
| Database: |
BASE |