| Title: |
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis alters the antibody response to HIV-1 |
| Authors: |
Zeeb, Marius; Kusejko, Katharina; Hartnack, Sonja; Pasin, Chloé; Abela, Irene A; Rusert, Peter; Liechti, Thomas; Kadelka, Claus; Notter, Julia; Eichenberger, Anna; Hoffmann, Matthias; Hirsch, Hans H; Calmy, Alexandra; Cavassini, Matthias; Labhardt, Niklaus D; Bernasconi, Enos; Günthard, Huldrych F; Kouyos, Roger D; Trkola, Alexandra; Nemeth, Johannes; and the Swiss HIV Cohort Study |
| Source: |
ISSN: 1553-7366 ; PLOS pathogens, vol. 21, no. 8 (2025) e1013350. |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
Université de Genève: Archive ouverte UNIGE |
| Subject Terms: |
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616; Humans; HIV-1 / immunology; HIV Infections / immunology; HIV Infections / microbiology; HIV Infections / complications; HIV Infections / virology; Mycobacterium tuberculosis / immunology; Tuberculosis / immunology; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; HIV Antibodies / immunology; HIV Antibodies / blood; Adult; Coinfection / immunology; Middle Aged; Antibody Formation / immunology |
| Description: |
Background: Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) differentially modulates untreated HIV-1 infection, with asymptomatic MTB reducing HIV-1 viremia and opportunistic infections and active tuberculosis (TB) accelerating AIDS progression. Here, we investigate antibody (Ab) responses to HIV-1 in people with HIV (PWH) without MTB, with asymptomatic MTB, and with later progression to active TB to elucidate MTB-associated effects on HIV-1 immune control. Methods: Using the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS), we conducted a retrospective study that included 2,840 PWH with data on MTB status and HIV-1-specific plasma binding-/neutralizing-responses. We evaluated associations between MTB status and binding-/neutralizing-responses while adjusting for key disease and demographic parameters. Results: Among the included 2,840 PWH, 263 PWH had asymptomatic MTB based on either a positive TST-/IGRA-test at the baseline (time of HIV-1 Ab measurement) or on later progression to active TB. Compared to PWH without MTB infection, PWH with asymptomatic MTB infection showed reduced HIV-1 Ab levels, both for Env binding (e.g., IgG1 BG505 trimer antigen, p = 0.024) and neutralization of a diverse panel of HIV-1 viruses (p = 0.012). Conversely, PWH (n = 32) who later progressed to active TB (>180 days after baseline) demonstrated a significant shift towards IgG3 in their HIV-1 Ab repertoire (p = 0.011), detectable in median 3.8 years (IQR 2.4 - 8.7) before active TB onset. Conclusion: Our data indicate that asymptomatic MTB infection and active TB exert profound heterologous effects on HIV-1 specific Ab development. These findings advance our understanding of host-pathogen dynamics and may have implications for new diagnostic approaches in predicting future active TB. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/40802847; unige:189421 |
| Availability: |
https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:189421 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.C560DB1A |
| Database: |
BASE |