Insights into the high-energy γ-ray emission of Markarian 501 from extensive multifrequency observations in the Fermi era
| Title: | Insights into the high-energy γ-ray emission of Markarian 501 from extensive multifrequency observations in the Fermi era |
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| Authors: | Abdo AA; Ackermann M; Ajello M; Allafort A; Baldini L; Ballet J; Barbiellini G; Baring MG; Bastieri D; Bechtol K; Bellazzini R; Berenji B; Blandford RD; Bloom ED; Bonamente E; Borgland AW; Bouvier A; Brandt TJ; Bregeon J; Brez A; Brigida M; Bruel P; Buehler R; Buson S; Caliandro GA; Cameron RA; Cannon A; Caraveo PA; Carrigan S; Casandjian JM; Cavazzuti E; Cecchi C; Celik O; Charles E; Chekhtman A; Cheung CC; Chiang J; Ciprini S; Claus R; Cohen Tanugi J; Conrad J; Cutini S; Dermer CD; de Palma F; Silva EDE; Drell PS; Dubois R; Dumora D; Fegan SJ; Ferrara EC; Focke WB; Fortin P; Frailis M; Fuhrmann L; Fukazawa Y; Funk S; Fusco P; Gargano F; Gasparrini D; Gehrels N; Germani S; Giordano F; Giroletti M; Glanzman T; Godfrey G; Grenier IA; Guillemot L; Guiriec S; Hayashida M; Hays E; Horan D; Hughes RE; Johannesson G; Johnson AS; Johnson WN; Kadler M; Kamae T; Katagiri H; Kataoka J; Knodlseder J; Kuss M; Lande J; Latronico L; Lee SH; Lemoine Goumard M; Longo F; Loparco F; Lott B; Lovellette MN; Lubrano P; Madejski GM; Makeev A; Max Moerbeck W; Mazziotta MN; McEnery JE; Mehault J; Michelson PF; Mitthumsiri W; Mizuno T; Moiseev AA; Monte C; Monzani ME; Morselli A; Moskalenko IV; Murgia S; Naumann Godo M; Nishino S; Nolan PL; Norris JP; Nuss E; Ohsugi T; Okumura A; Omodei N; Orlando E; Ormes JF; Paneque D; Panetta JH; Parent D; Pavlidou V; Pearson TJ; Pelassa V; Pepe M; Pesce Rollins M; Piron F; Porter TA; Raino S; Rando R; Razzano M; Readhead A; Reimer A; Reimer O; Richards JL; Ripken J; Ritz S; Roth M; Sadrozinski HFW; Sanchez D; Sander A; Scargle JD; Sgro C; Siskind EJ; Smith PD; Spandre G; Spinelli P; Stawarz L; Stevenson M; Strickman MS; Sokolovsky KV; Suson DJ; Takahashi H; Takahashi T; Tanaka T; Thayer JB; Thayer JG; Thompson DJ; Tibaldo L; Torres F; Tosti G; Tramacere A; Uchiyama Y; Usher TL; Vandenbroucke J; Vasileiou V; Vilchez N; Vitale V; Waite AP; Wang P; Wehrle AE; Winer BL; Wood KS; Yang Z; Ylinen T; Zensus JA; Ziegler M; Aleksic J; Antonelli LA; Antoranz P; Backes M; Barrio JA; Gonzalez JB; Bednarek W; Berdyugin A; Berger K; Bernardini E; Biland A; Blanch O; Bock RK; Boller A; Bonnoli G; Bordas P; Tridon DB; Bosch Ramon V; Bose D; Braun I; Bretz T; Camara M; Carmona E; Carosi A; Colin P; Colombo E; Contreras JL; Cortina J; Covino S; Dazzi F; de Angelis A; del Pozo ED; De Lotto B; De Maria M; De Sabata F; Mendez CD; Ortega AD; Doert M; Dominguez A; Prester DD; Dorner D; Doro M; Elsaesser D; Ferenc D; Fonseca MV; Font L; Lopen RJG; Garczarczyk M; Gaug M; Giavitto G; Godinovi N; Hadasch D; Herrero A; Hildebrand D; Hohne Monch D; Hose J; Hrupec D; Jogler T; Klepser S; Krahenbuhl T; Kranich D; Krause J; La Barbera A; Leonardo E; Lindfors E; Lombardi S; Lopez M; Lorenz E; Majumdar P; Makariev E; Maneva G; Mankuzhiyil N; Mannheim K; Maraschi L; Mariotti M; Martinez M; Mazin D; Meucci M; Miranda JM; Mirzoyan R; Miyamoto H; Moldon J; Moralejo A; Nieto D; Nilsson K; Orito R; Oya I; Paoletti R; Paredes JM; Partini S; Pasanen M; Pauss F; Pegna RG; Perez Torres MA; Persic M; Peruzzo J; Pochon J; Moroni PGP; Prada F; Prandini E; Puchades N; Puljak I; Reichardt T; Reinthal R; Rhode W; Ribo M; Rico J; Rissi M; Rugamer S; Saggion A; Saito K; Saito TY; Salvati M; Sanchez Conde M; Satalecka K; Scalzotto V; Scapin V; Schultz C; Schweizer T; Shayduk M; Shore SN; Sierpowska Bartosik A; Sillanpaa A; Sitarek J; Sobczynska D; Spanier F; Spiro S; Stamerra A; Steinke B; Storz J; Strah N; Struebig JC; Suric T; Takalo LO; Tavecchio F; Temnikov P; Terzic T; Tescaro D; Teshima M; Vankov H; Wagner RM; Weitzel Q; Zabalza V; Zandanel F; Zanin R; Acciari VA; Arlen T; Aune T; Benbow W; Boltuch D; Bradbury SM; Buckley JH; Bugaev V; Cesarini A; Ciupik L; Cui W; Dickherber R; Errando M; Falcone A; Finley JP; Finnegan G; Fortson L; Furniss A; Galante N; Gall D; Gillanders GH; Godambe S; Grube J; Guenette R; Gyuk G; Hanna D; Holder J; Huang D; Hui CM; Humensky TB; Kaaret P; Karlsson N; Kertzman M; Kieda D; Konopelko A; Krawczynski H; Krennrich F; Lang MJ; Maier G; McArthur S; McCann A; McCutcheon M; Moriarty P; Mukherjee R; Ong R; Otte N; Pandel D; Perkins JS; Pichel A; Pohl M; Quinn J; Ragan K; Reyes LC; Reynolds PT; Roache E; Rose HJ; Rovero AC; Schroedter M; Sembroski GH; Senturk GD; Steele D; Swordy SP; Tesic G; Theiling M; Thibadeau S; Varlotta A; Vincent S; Wakely SP; Ward JE; Weekes TC; Weinstein A; Weisgarber T; Williams DA; Wood M; Zitzer B; Villata M; Raiteri CM; Aller HD; Aller MF; Arkharov AA; Blinov DA; Calcidese P; Chen WP; Efimova NV; Kimeridze G; Konstantinova TS; Kopatskaya EN; Koptelova E; Kurtanidze OM; Kurtanidze SO; Lahteenmaki A; Larionov VM; Larionova EG; Larionova LV; Ligustri R; Morozova DA; Nikolashvili MG; Sigua LA; Troitsky IS; Angelakis E; Capalbi M; Carraminana A; Carrasco L; Cassaro P; de la Fuente E; Gurwell MA; Kovalev YY; Kovalev YA; Krichbaum TP; Krimm HA; Leto P; Lister ML; Maccaferri G; Moody JW; Mori Y; Nestoras I; Orlati A; Pagani C; Pace C; Pearson R; Perri M; Piner BG; Pushkarev AB; Ros E; Sadun AC; Sakamoto T; Tornikoski M; Yatsu Y; Zook A.; FAVUZZI, Cecilia; GIGLIETTO, Nicola |
| Contributors: | Abdo, Aa; Ackermann, M; Ajello, M; Allafort, A; Baldini, L; Ballet, J; Barbiellini, G; Baring, Mg; Bastieri, D; Bechtol, K; Bellazzini, R; Berenji, B; Blandford, Rd; Bloom, Ed; Bonamente, E; Borgland, Aw; Bouvier, A; Brandt, Tj; Bregeon, J; Brez, A; Brigida, M; Bruel, P; Buehler, R; Buson, S; Caliandro, Ga; Cameron, Ra; Cannon, A; Caraveo, Pa; Carrigan, S; Casandjian, Jm; Cavazzuti, E; Cecchi, C; Celik, O; Charles, E; Chekhtman, A; Cheung, Cc; Chiang, J; Ciprini, S; Claus, R; Cohen Tanugi, J; Conrad, J; Cutini, S; Dermer, Cd; de Palma, F; Silva, Ede; Drell, P; Dubois, R; Dumora, D; Favuzzi, Cecilia; Fegan, Sj; Ferrara, Ec; Focke, Wb; Fortin, P; Frailis, M; Fuhrmann, L; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Gargano, F; Gasparrini, D; Gehrels, N; Germani, S; Giglietto, Nicola; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Glanzman, T; Godfrey, G; Grenier, Ia; Guillemot, L; Guiriec, S; Hayashida, M; Hays, E; Horan, D; Hughes, Re; Johannesson, G; Johnson, A; Johnson, Wn; Kadler, M; Kamae, T; Katagiri, H; Kataoka, J; Knodlseder, J; Kuss, M; Lande, J; Latronico, L; Lee, Sh; Lemoine Goumard, M; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lott, B; Lovellette, Mn; Lubrano, P; Madejski, Gm; Makeev, A; Max Moerbeck, W; Mazziotta, Mn; Mcenery, Je; Mehault, J; Michelson, Pf; Mitthumsiri, W |
| Publication Year: | 2011 |
| Collection: | Politecnico di Bari: Iris POLIBA (Catalogo dei prodotti della Ricerca) |
| Subject Terms: | Acceleration of particle; BL Lacertae objects: general; BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501); galaxies: active; gamma rays: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal |
| Description: | We report on the γ-ray activity of the blazar Mrk 501 during the first 480 days of Fermi operation. We find that the average Large Area Telescope (LAT) γ-ray spectrum of Mrk 501 can be well described by a single power-law function with a photon index of 1.78 ± 0.03. While we observe relatively mild flux variations with the Fermi-LAT (within less than a factor of two), we detect remarkable spectral variability where the hardest observed spectral index within the LAT energy range is 1.52 ± 0.14, and the softest one is 2.51 ± 0.20. These unexpected spectral changes do not correlate with the measured flux variations above 0.3 GeV. In this paper, we also present the first results from the 4.5 month long multifrequency campaign (2009 March 15-August 1) on Mrk 501, which included the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), Swift, RXTE, MAGIC, and VERITAS, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments which provided excellent temporal and energy coverage of the source throughout the entire campaign. The extensive radio to TeV data set from this campaign provides us with the most detailed spectral energy distribution yet collected for this source during its relatively low activity. The average spectral energy distribution of Mrk 501 is well described by the standard one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. In the framework of this model, we find that the dominant emission region is characterized by a size ≲0.1 pc (comparable within a factor of few to the size of the partially resolved VLBA core at 15-43 GHz), and that the total jet power (≃1044 erg s-1) constitutes only a small fraction (∼10-3) of the Eddington luminosity. The energy distribution of the freshly accelerated radiating electrons required to fit the time-averaged data has a broken power-law form in the energy range 0.3 GeV-10 TeV, with spectral indices 2.2 and 2.7 below and above the break energy of 20 GeV. We argue that such a form is consistent with a scenario in which the bulk of the energy dissipation within the dominant emission zone ... |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000286662000068; volume:727; issue:2; firstpage:129; numberofpages:129; journal:THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL; https://hdl.handle.net/11589/51897 |
| DOI: | 10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/129 |
| Availability: | https://hdl.handle.net/11589/51897; https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/727/2/129 |
| Rights: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; license:Tutti i diritti riservati |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.CA07E782 |
| Database: | BASE |