| Description: |
Introduction Acne is a common inflammatory skin disorder that has been increasingly linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This review aims to investigate their relationship, shared pathophysiology, and clinical co-management considerations. Content We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and Embase for relevant peer-reviewed articles and conducted a comprehensive analysis. Current evidence indicates that individuals with acne exhibit higher susceptibility to MetS. The two conditions share multiple pathogenic mechanisms, including upregulated mTORC1 signaling, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, hormonal imbalances, genetic predisposition, IR, altered sebum secretion, and adverse lifestyle factors. Integrated management should include lifestyle modifications, non-pharmacological interventions, pharmacological treatments, and metabolic monitoring during therapy. Summary and Outlook Acne may serve as a potential visible indicator of underlying metabolic dysfunction, with the two conditions sharing pathogenic pathways. An integrated strategy addressing both conditions through personalized treatment and lifestyle modifications should be implemented. Future research should include large-scale longitudinal and mechanistic studies to further elucidate the acne-MetS relationship, along with interventional trials evaluating lifestyle, pharmacological, and novel therapies. These approaches will ultimately bring greater clinical benefits to patients affected by both conditions. |