| Title: |
BIFROST: simulating compact subsystems in star clusters using a hierarchical fourth-order forward symplectic integrator code |
| Authors: |
Rantala, A.; Naab, T.; Rizzuto, F.; Mannerkoski, M.; Partmann, C.; Lautenschütz, K. |
| Source: |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Publication Year: |
2023 |
| Collection: |
Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe |
| Description: |
We present BIFROST, an extended version of the GPU-accelerated hierarchical fourth-order forward symplectic integrator code FROST. BIFROST (BInaries in FROST) can efficiently evolve collisional stellar systems with arbitrary binary fractions up to f bin =100 per cent by using secular and regularized integration for binaries, triples, multiple systems, or small clusters around black holes within the fourth-order forward integrator framework. Post-Newtonian (PN) terms up to order PN3.5 are included in the equations of motion of compact subsystems with optional three-body and spin-dependent terms. PN1.0 terms for interactions with black holes are computed everywhere in the simulation domain. The code has several merger criteria (gravitational-wave inspirals, tidal disruption events, and stellar and compact object collisions) with the addition of relativistic recoil kicks for compact object mergers. We show that for systems with N particles the scaling of the code remains good up to N GPU ∼ 40 × N/10 6 GPUs and that the increasing binary fractions up to 100 per cent hardly increase the code running time (less than a factor ∼1.5). We also validate the numerical accuracy of BIFROST by presenting a number of star clusters simulations the most extreme ones including a core collapse and a merger of two intermediate mass black holes with a relativistic recoil kick. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf |
| Language: |
English |
| Availability: |
http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-E530-A; http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-E532-8 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.CDC87597 |
| Database: |
BASE |