| Title: |
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DRY EYE SYNDROME AMONG DIABETIC VERSUS NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, PESHAWAR. A CASE-CONTROL STUDY. |
| Authors: |
Khan, Bilal; Nuzhat Rahil; Muhammad Idris; Arib Malik; Ramin Ali; Muhammad Israr |
| Source: |
Insights – Journal of Health and Rehabilitation; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): Vol. 3 No. 6 (June 2025) ; 514-519 ; 3007-2948 |
| Publisher Information: |
Health and Research Insights |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Subject Terms: |
Dry eye syndromes; tear film; TBUT; Diabetes Mellitus; Fluorescein Staining; Ocular Surface; Schirmer Test |
| Description: |
Background: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder that is becoming increasingly prevalent with advancing age and rising rates of diabetes mellitus worldwide. Among diabetic individuals, ocular surface abnormalities such as tear film instability and epithelial damage are frequent yet often underdiagnosed complications. The geriatric demographic, especially those with comorbidities, are at a significantly higher risk for DES due to systemic changes and impaired lacrimal gland function. Objective: To compare the prevalence of dry eye syndrome between diabetic and nondiabetic patients attending the ophthalmology outpatient department at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Eye OPD of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from October 5, 2020, to December 5, 2023. A total of 100 participants were selected using convenience sampling and divided equally into two groups: 50 diabetic patients (cases) and 50 nondiabetic individuals (controls), all above 40 years of age. A comprehensive anterior segment examination was performed using slit lamp biomicroscopy. Dry eye diagnosis was established through two diagnostic tools: the Schirmer test (values |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
https://insightsjhr.com/index.php/home/article/view/924/966; https://insightsjhr.com/index.php/home/article/view/924 |
| DOI: |
10.71000/wfbynv35 |
| Availability: |
https://insightsjhr.com/index.php/home/article/view/924; https://doi.org/10.71000/wfbynv35 |
| Rights: |
Copyright (c) 2025 Bilal Khan, Nuzhat Rahil, Muhammad Idris, Arib Malik, Ramin Ali, Muhammad Israr (Author) ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.D73FD856 |
| Database: |
BASE |