| Title: |
Observational and genetic associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer: a UK Biobank and international consortia study. |
| Authors: |
Watts, Eleanor L; Gonzales, Tomas I; Strain, Tessa; Saint-Maurice, Pedro F; Bishop, D Timothy; Chanock, Stephen J; Johansson, Mattias; Keku, Temitope O; Le Marchand, Loic; Moreno, Victor; Newcomb, Polly A; Newton, Christina C; Pai, Rish K; Purdue, Mark P; Ulrich, Cornelia M; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Van Guelpen, Bethany; PRACTICAL consortium, CRUK, BPC3, CAPS, PEGASUS; Day, Felix R; Wijndaele, Katrien; Wareham, Nicholas J; Matthews, Charles E; Moore, Steven C; Brage, Soren |
| Publisher Information: |
Springer Nature; //doi.org/10.1038/s41416-023-02489-3 |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository |
| Subject Terms: |
Male; Humans; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Biological Specimen Banks; UK Biobank; Breast Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Risk Factors |
| Description: |
Funder: Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health ; BACKGROUND: The association of fitness with cancer risk is not clear. METHODS: We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of lung, colorectal, endometrial, breast, and prostate cancer in a subset of UK Biobank participants who completed a submaximal fitness test in 2009-12 (N = 72,572). We also investigated relationships using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR), odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method. RESULTS: After a median of 11 years of follow-up, 4290 cancers of interest were diagnosed. A 3.5 ml O2⋅min-1⋅kg-1 total-body mass increase in fitness (equivalent to 1 metabolic equivalent of task (MET), approximately 0.5 standard deviation (SD)) was associated with lower risks of endometrial (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73-0.89), colorectal (0.94, 0.90-0.99), and breast cancer (0.96, 0.92-0.99). In MR analyses, a 0.5 SD increase in genetically predicted O2⋅min-1⋅kg-1 fat-free mass was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98). After adjusting for adiposity, both the observational and genetic associations were attenuated. DISCUSSION: Higher fitness levels may reduce risks of endometrial, colorectal, and breast cancer, though relationships with adiposity are complex and may mediate these relationships. Increasing fitness, including via changes in body composition, may be an effective strategy for cancer prevention. ; EW, SM, CM, PSM are supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NW, TS, FRD, KW, TG and SB are supported by UK Medical Research Council [grant numbers MC_UU_00006/1, MC_UU_00006/2 and MC_UU_00006/4]. NW and SB are supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Cambridge (IS-BRC-1215-20014). The NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) is a partnership between Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf; text/xml; application/zip |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
2489; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/363203 |
| Availability: |
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/363203 |
| Rights: |
Attribution 4.0 International ; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.DC4166F3 |
| Database: |
BASE |