| Title: |
The COVID-19 puzzle: deciphering pathophysiology and phenotypes of a new disease entity |
| Authors: |
Osuchowski, MF; Winkler, MS; Skirecki, T; Cajander, S; Shankar-Hari, M; Lachmann, G; Monneret, G; Venet, F; Bauer, M; Brunkhorst, FM; Weis, S; Garcia-Salido, A; Kox, M; Cavaillon, JM; Uhle, F; Weigand, MA; Flohé, SB; Wiersinga, WJ; Almansa, R; de la Fuente, A; Martin-Loeches, I; Meisel, C; Spinetti, T; Schefold, JC; Cilloniz, C; Torres, A; Giamarellos-Bourboulis, EJ; Ferrer, R; Girardis, M; Cossarizza, A; Netea, MG; van der Poll, T; Bermejo-Martín, JF; Rubio, I |
| Publisher Information: |
Zenodo |
| Publication Year: |
2021 |
| Collection: |
Zenodo |
| Description: |
The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, with devastating consequences. While the medical community has gained insight into the epidemiology of COVID-19, important questions remain about the clinical complexities and underlying mechanisms of disease phenotypes. Severe COVID-19 most commonly involves respiratory manifestations, although other systems are also affected, and acute disease is often followed by protracted complications. Such complex manifestations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 dysregulates the host response, triggering wide-ranging immuno-inflammatory, thrombotic, and parenchymal derangements. We review the intricacies of COVID-19 pathophysiology, its various phenotypes, and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 host response at the humoral and cellular levels. Some similarities exist between COVID-19 and respiratory failure of other origins, but evidence for many distinctive mechanistic features indicates that COVID-19 constitutes a new disease entity, with emerging data suggesting involvement of an endotheliopathy-centred pathophysiology. Further research, combining basic and clinical studies, is needed to advance understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and to characterise immuno-inflammatory derangements across the range of phenotypes to enable optimum care for patients with COVID-19. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
unknown |
| Relation: |
https://zenodo.org/records/14440236; oai:zenodo.org:14440236 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00218-6 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00218-6; https://zenodo.org/records/14440236 |
| Rights: |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International ; cc-by-4.0 ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.E486D09 |
| Database: |
BASE |