| Title: |
Stunted childhood growth is associated with decompartmentalization of the gastrointestinal tract and overgrowth of oropharyngeal taxa |
| Authors: |
Vonaesch, Pascale; Morien, Evan; Andrianonimiadana, Lova; Sanke, Hugues; Mbecko, Jean-Robert; Huus, Kelsey; Naharimanananirina, Tanteliniaina; Gondje, Bolmbaye; Nigatoloum, Synthia; Vondo, Sonia; Kaleb Kandou, Jepthé; Randremanana, Rindra; Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy; Mazel, Florent; Djorie, Serge; Gody, Jean-Chrysostome; Finlay, B Brett; Rubbo, Pierre-Alain; Wegener Parfrey, Laura; Collard, Jean-Marc; Sansonetti, Philippe; Investigators, The Afribiota |
| Contributors: |
Pathogénie microbienne moléculaire; Institut Pasteur Paris -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); University of British Columbia (UBC); Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale Antananarivo, Madagascar (IPM); Institut Pasteur de Madagascar; Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP); Institut Pasteur de Bangui; Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona (CHUJRA); Centre pédiatrique de Bangui; Unité d'Epidémiologie Antananarivo, Madagascar (IPM); Chaire Microbiologie et Maladies infectieuses; Collège de France (CdF (institution)); This project was funded by the Total Foundation, Institut Pasteur, Pasteur Foundation Switzerland, as well as the Nutricia Research Foundation. P.V. was supported by an Early and Advanced postdoctoral fellowship from the Swiss National Science Foundation, a Roux-Cantarini fellowship, and a L’Oréal–United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization for Women in Science France fellowship. P.J.S. is a HHMI Senior Foreign Scholar and a Canadian Institute for Advanced Research scholar in the human microbiome consortium. K.E.H. is recipient of a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. B.B.F. is a member of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research human microbiome consortium. Work in his group is funded by the Canadian Institute for Health Research. Work in L.W.P.’s group is funded by the Human Frontier Science Program RGY0078/2015. F.M. is recipient of a Banting Postdoctoral fellowship.; We thank all participating families, the AFRIBIOTA Consortium, the participating hospitals in Bangui and Antananarivo, as well as the Institut Pasteur, the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar and de Bangui, and members of the scientific advisory board for their continuous support; Prof. Jean-Louis Demarquez for training sessions to teach the local health professionals the methods used for duodenal aspirations; Aurélie Etienne for precious help with the clinical procedures and first aspirations performed; the field workers Jélide Dépot, Monique Gbacko, Noella Kemba, Carine Domolomo-Angaze, Olivier Deholo, Dieu-Merci Welekoi, Florent Mbombo, Gildas Gonetomy, Prisca Andriatsalama, Ravaka Randriamparany, Tsheno Harisoa, and Rado Andrianantenaina, as well as all implicated community health workers, for countless hours spent in the field; the Centre de Recherche Translationelle and the Direction Internationale of the Institut Pasteur, and especially Paméla Palvadeau, Jane Lynda Deuve, Cécile Artaud, Nathalie Jolly, Sophie Jarijon, Mamy Ratsialonina, Jean-François Damaras, Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer, and Laurence Arowas for precious help in setting up and steering the AFRIBIOTA project and managing the biobank; Amine Ghozlane and Emna Achouri for discussion and critical reading of the manuscript; and Tracy Wang and Rachelle Loo for transcribing the tracking documents. |
| Source: |
ISSN: 0027-8424. |
| Publisher Information: |
HAL CCSD; National Academy of Sciences |
| Publication Year: |
2018 |
| Subject Terms: |
oropharyngeal taxa; sub-Saharan Africa; stunting; decompartmentalization; microbiota; MESH: Campylobacter; MESH: Child Development; MESH: Humans; MESH: Intestine; Small; MESH: Male; MESH: Shigella; MESH: Child; Preschool; MESH: Clostridium; MESH: Escherichia coli; MESH: Female; MESH: Gastrointestinal Microbiome; MESH: Growth Disorders; [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology |
| Description: |
International audience ; Linear growth delay (stunting) affects roughly 155 million children under the age of 5 years worldwide. Treatment has been limited by a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Stunting is most likely associated with changes in the microbial community of the small intestine, a compartment vital for digestion and nutrient absorption. Efforts to better understand the pathophysiology have been hampered by difficulty of access to small intestinal fluids. Here, we describe the microbial community found in the upper gastrointestinal tract of stunted children aged 2-5 y living in sub-Saharan Africa. We studied 46 duodenal and 57 gastric samples from stunted children, as well as 404 fecal samples from stunted and nonstunted children living in Bangui, Central African Republic, and in Antananarivo, Madagascar, using 16S Illumina Amplicon sequencing and semiquantitative culture methods. The vast majority of the stunted children showed small intestinal bacterial overgrowth dominated by bacteria that normally reside in the oropharyngeal cavity. There was an overrepresentation of oral bacteria in fecal samples of stunted children, opening the way for developing noninvasive diagnostic markers. In addition, Escherichia coli/Shigella sp. and Campylobacter sp. were found to be more prevalent in stunted children, while Clostridia, well-known butyrate producers , were reduced. Our data suggest that stunting is associated with a microbiome "decompartmentalization" of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by an increased presence of oropharyngeal bacteria from the stomach to the colon, hence challenging the current view of stunting arising solely as a consequence of small intestine overstimulation through recurrent infections by enteric pathogens. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01925069 |
| Availability: |
https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01925069 |
| Rights: |
undefined |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.E6CF7271 |
| Database: |
BASE |