| Title: |
Deciphering Factors Linked With Reduced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Susceptibility in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study |
| Authors: |
Abela, Irene A; Hauser, Anthony; Schwarzmüller, Magdalena; Pasin, Chloé; Kusejko, Katharina; Epp, Selina; Cavassini, Matthias; Battegay, Manuel; Rauch, Andri; Calmy, Alexandra; Notter, Julia; Bernasconi, Enos; Fux, Christoph A; Leuzinger, Karoline; Perreau, Matthieu; Ramette, Alban; Gottschalk, Jochen; Schindler, Eméry; Wepf, Alexander; Marconato, Maddalena; Manz, Markus G; Frey, Beat M; Braun, Dominique L; Huber, Michael; Günthard, Huldrych F; Trkola, Alexandra; Kouyos, Roger D; Abela, I A; Aebi-Popp, K; Anagnostopoulos, A; Battegay, M; Bernasconi, E; Braun, D L; Bucher, H C; Calmy, A; Cavassini, M; Ciuffi, A; Dollenmaier, G; Egger, M; Elzi, L; Fehr, J; Fellay, J; Furrer, H; Fux, C A; Günthard, H F; Hachfeld, A; Haerry, D; Hasse, B; Hirsch, H H; Hoffmann, M |
| Contributors: |
Swiss National Science Foundation; SHCS Project 870; SHCS Research Foundation; Gilead COVID-19 RFP Research Program; Promedica Foundation |
| Source: |
The Journal of Infectious Diseases ; volume 230, issue 2, page e292-e304 ; ISSN 0022-1899 1537-6613 |
| Publisher Information: |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Description: |
Background Factors influencing susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain to be resolved. Using data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study on 6270 people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test results, COVID-19–related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in prepandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) biobanked plasma samples and compared with findings in HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV. Results No HIV-1–related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High prepandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses on infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46 [95% confidence interval, .38–.56]; P < .001), which occurred even in previous smokers and was highest for heavy smokers. Conclusions Our findings of 2 independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1093/infdis/jiae002 |
| DOI: |
10.1093/infdis/jiae002/56529079/jiae002.pdf |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae002; https://academic.oup.com/jid/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/infdis/jiae002/56529079/jiae002.pdf; https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-pdf/230/2/e292/58809312/jiae002.pdf |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.EA1AC2A3 |
| Database: |
BASE |