| Title: |
Temperature gradient based annealing methodology for tungsten recrystallization kinetics assessment |
| Authors: |
Lemetais, Maxime; Lenci, Matthieu; Maurice, Claire; Devictor, Timothée; Durif, Alan; Minissale, Marco; Mondon, Marilyne; Pintsuk, Gerald; Piot, David; Gallais, Laurent; Richou, Marianne; Kermouche, Guillaume |
| Contributors: |
Laboratoire Georges Friedel (LGF-ENSMSE); École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE); Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre Science des Matériaux et des Structures (SMS-ENSMSE); Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT); Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM); Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)); Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA); Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL); Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM); Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association; Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association; ILM (ILM); Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); IRFM - Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique - CEA Cadarache; FRESNEL - Institut FRESNEL - Aix Marseille Université; PIIM - Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires - Aix Marseille Université; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH - Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung |
| Source: |
ISSN: 0920-3796 ; Fusion Engineering and Design ; https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-04102806 ; Fusion Engineering and Design, 2023, 193, pp.113785. ⟨10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113785⟩ ; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920379623003678. |
| Publisher Information: |
CCSD; Elsevier |
| Publication Year: |
2023 |
| Collection: |
Aix-Marseille Université: HAL |
| Subject Terms: |
Characterization; High-temperature annealing; Laser-based annealing; Recrystallization; Softening; Tungsten; Thermonuclear fusion; Hardness; [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials; [PHYS]Physics [physics] |
| Description: |
International audience ; In future thermonuclear fusion reactors, like ITER and DEMO, plasma-facing components with tungsten armor material will have to sustain high thermal fluxes (10 MW/m² in steady state and 20 MW/m² in quasi-steady-state). For such extreme conditions, tungsten may reach temperatures higher than 1000 °C and, consequently can be prone to recrystallize, which can limit the lifetime of the divertor targets under cycling thermal loadings. Characterization of recrystallization kinetics involves the use of different methods and devices (furnace, laser heating) depending on the annealing temperature regime to be analyzed. For these methods, the heating and the subsequent characterization of around 10 samples (5 × 4 × 4 mm) per annealing temperature is needed. In this article, a method is proposed to quantify the recrystallization kinetics between 1300 °C and 1600 °C using a limited number of samples and heating conditions. The basic idea is to induce a steady-state temperature gradient in tungsten rods by heating one side of the rod using a laser heating system. Tungsten rods (50 × 4 × 5 mm) were annealed with this method. The resulting microstructures are characterized using optical microscopy and hardness measurements. The different stages of tungsten softening are clearly evidenced. These first results can be considered as a proof of concept for the use of such a methodology to assess tungsten recrystallization at high temperature. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113785 |
| Availability: |
https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-04102806; https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-04102806v1/document; https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-04102806v1/file/ML_ML%20Fusion%20Engineering%20and%20Design%202023.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113785 |
| Rights: |
https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.EE2F3A8D |
| Database: |
BASE |