| Title: |
Effectiveness of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Vaccines for Preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Hospitalizations in the United States |
| Authors: |
Tenforde, Mark W; Patel, Manish M; Ginde, Adit A; Douin, David J; Talbot, H Keipp; Casey, Jonathan D; Mohr, Nicholas M; Zepeski, Anne; Gaglani, Manjusha; McNeal, Tresa; Ghamande, Shekhar; Shapiro, Nathan I; Gibbs, Kevin W; Files, D Clark; Hager, David N; Shehu, Arber; Prekker, Matthew E; Erickson, Heidi L; Exline, Matthew C; Gong, Michelle N; Mohamed, Amira; Henning, Daniel J; Steingrub, Jay S; Peltan, Ithan D; Brown, Samuel M; Martin, Emily T; Monto, Arnold S; Khan, Akram; Hough, Catherine L; Busse, Laurence W; Lohuis, Caitlin C ten; Duggal, Abhijit; Wilson, Jennifer G; Gordon, Alexandra June; Qadir, Nida; Chang, Steven Y; Mallow, Christopher; Gershengorn, Hayley B; Babcock, Hilary M; Kwon, Jennie H; Halasa, Natasha; Chappell, James D; Lauring, Adam S; Grijalva, Carlos G; Rice, Todd W; Jones, Ian D; Stubblefield, William B; Baughman, Adrienne; Womack, Kelsey N; Lindsell, Christopher J; Hart, Kimberly W; Zhu, Yuwei; Olson, Samantha M; Stephenson, Meagan; Schrag, Stephanie J; Kobayashi, Miwako; Verani, Jennifer R; Self, Wesley H; Network, Influenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill |
| Source: |
Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol 74, iss 9 |
| Publisher Information: |
eScholarship, University of California |
| Publication Year: |
2022 |
| Collection: |
University of California: eScholarship |
| Subject Terms: |
32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (for-2020); 3202 Clinical Sciences (for-2020); Coronaviruses Vaccines (rcdc); Clinical Research (rcdc); Immunization (rcdc); Vaccine Related (rcdc); Infectious Diseases (rcdc); Prevention (rcdc); Coronaviruses (rcdc); Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities (rcdc); Emerging Infectious Diseases (rcdc); 3.4 Vaccines (hrcs-rac); Infection (hrcs-hc); 3 Good Health and Well Being (sdg); Adult (mesh); COVID-19 (mesh); COVID-19 Vaccines (mesh); Hospitalization (mesh); Humans (mesh); Middle Aged (mesh); RNA (mesh); SARS-CoV-2 (mesh); United States (mesh); mRNA Vaccines (mesh); COVID-19; vaccine effectiveness; mRNA vaccines; hospitalized; immunocompromised; Influenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network |
| Time: |
1515 - 1524 |
| Description: |
BACKGROUND: As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination coverage increases in the United States, there is a need to understand the real-world effectiveness against severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and among people at increased risk for poor outcomes. METHODS: In a multicenter case-control analysis of US adults hospitalized March 11-May 5, 2021, we evaluated vaccine effectiveness to prevent COVID-19 hospitalizations by comparing odds of prior vaccination with a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) between cases hospitalized with COVID-19 and hospital-based controls who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: Among 1212 participants, including 593 cases and 619 controls, median age was 58 years, 22.8% were Black, 13.9% were Hispanic, and 21.0% had immunosuppression. SARS-CoV-2 lineage B0.1.1.7 (Alpha) was the most common variant (67.9% of viruses with lineage determined). Full vaccination (receipt of 2 vaccine doses ≥14 days before illness onset) had been received by 8.2% of cases and 36.4% of controls. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 87.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.7-91.3). Vaccine effectiveness was similar for Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, and highest in adults aged 18-49 years (97.4%; 95% CI, 79.3-9.7). Among 45 patients with vaccine-breakthrough COVID hospitalizations, 44 (97.8%) were ≥50 years old and 20 (44.4%) had immunosuppression. Vaccine effectiveness was lower among patients with immunosuppression (62.9%; 95% CI,20.8-82.6) than without immunosuppression (91.3%; 95% CI, 85.6-94.8). CONCLUSION: During March-May 2021, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were highly effective for preventing COVID-19 hospitalizations among US adults. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was beneficial for patients with immunosuppression, but effectiveness was lower in the immunosuppressed population. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf |
| Language: |
unknown |
| Relation: |
qt3s36b353; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s36b353; https://escholarship.org/content/qt3s36b353/qt3s36b353.pdf |
| DOI: |
10.1093/cid/ciab687 |
| Availability: |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3s36b353; https://escholarship.org/content/qt3s36b353/qt3s36b353.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab687 |
| Rights: |
public |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.F258070F |
| Database: |
BASE |