| Title: |
Structures in grain-refined directionally solidified hypoeutectic Al-Cu alloys: Benchmark experiments under microgravity on-board the International Space Station |
| Authors: |
Zimmermann, G.; Sturz, L.; Pickmann, C.; Schaberger-Zimmermann, E.; Roosz, A.; Rónaföldi, A.; Veres, Z.; Gandin, Ch.-A.; Reinhart, G.; Nguyen-Thi, H.; Mangelinck-Noël, N.; Mcfadden, Sh.; Grün, G.-U.; Sillekens, W. |
| Contributors: |
Access e.V.; RWTH Aachen University = Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH Aachen); Institute of Physical Metallurgy, Metal Forming and Nanotechnology (UM), University of Miskolc; Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF); Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP); Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Faculty of Computing and Engineering University of Ulster; University of Ulster; Speira GmbH (Speira GmbH); ESA - ESTEC (Netherlands); GDR 2799 Micropesanteur Fondamentale & Appliquée; This research work is supported by the European Space Agency under the CETSOL (Columnar to Equiaxed SOLidification processing) ESA MAP project, the CETSOL/HUNGARY ESA PRODEX project (No 4000131880/NL/SH), the French National Space Agency CNES and the German BMWi/DLR under FKZ 50WM2043 and FKZ 50WM2343. The authors acknowledge Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH, now Speira GmbH, for providing the alloys used in this paper. |
| Source: |
ISSN: 2589-1529 ; Materialia ; https://hal.science/hal-04655530 ; Materialia, 2024, 36, pp.102171. ⟨10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102171⟩. |
| Publisher Information: |
CCSD; Elsevier |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
Université de Toulon: HAL |
| Subject Terms: |
Dendritic solidification; Macrosegregation; Grain structure; Microstructure; Metal; [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials |
| Description: |
International audience ; Benchmark solidification experiments were successfully performed under microgravity conditions on-board the International Space Station (ISS) within the ESAprogramme CETSOL (Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in SOLidification Processing). Cylindrical samples of grain-refined Al-4wt.%Cu, Al-10wt.%Cu and Al-20wt.%Cu alloys were directionally solidified in a gradient furnace to investigate columnar and equiaxed dendritic growth structures as well as the columnar to equiaxed transition under diffusive conditions. The determination of temperature gradients; interface velocities; and cooling rates at liquidus, solidus, and eutectic front positions provides well-defined thermal experimental characterization. The evaluation of the flight samples demonstrates that no significant macrosegregation along the sample axis occurred and no radial effects were observed. Therefore, purely diffusive solidification behaviour without any residual melt convection can be assumed for these microgravity experiments. The analyses of the microstructure in longitudinal cross-sections show dendritic structures without any pore formation and the averaged eutectic fraction is largely constant along the sample. The samples of refined Al-4wt.%Cu alloy show a sharp CET from columnar dendrites to a fine equiaxed steady-state grain structure whereas in the samples of refined Al-10wt.%Cu and Al-20wt.%Cu alloy, only equiaxed dendritic grain growth is observed. A quantitative analysis of the equiaxed grain morphology shows, that the shapes of the equiaxed dendrites depend on the applied temperature gradient, but the grain sizes in radial and longitudinal directions are identical. Therefore, a fully equiaxed dendritic growth structure without dendrite elongation was obtained. Compared to experiments in microgravity with non-refined Al-Cu alloys the average equiaxed grain size is about three times smaller. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102171 |
| Availability: |
https://hal.science/hal-04655530; https://hal.science/hal-04655530v1/document; https://hal.science/hal-04655530v1/file/Structures%20in%20grain%20refined%20Al-Cu.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102171 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.FDAA132E |
| Database: |
BASE |