| Title: |
Neonatal Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis: Current Insights and Knowledge Gaps |
| Authors: |
D'Auria E.; Ferrigno C.; Pellicani S.; Di Gallo A.; Zuccotti G. V.; Agosti M.; Baldassarre M. E.; Salvatore S. |
| Contributors: |
D'Auria, E.; Ferrigno, C.; Pellicani, S.; Di Gallo, A.; Zuccotti, G. V.; Agosti, M.; Baldassarre, M. E.; Salvatore, S. |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
IRInSubria - Institutional Repository Insubria (Università degli Studi dell’Insubria) |
| Subject Terms: |
allergic enterocoliti; elimination diet; food allergy; Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome; FPIES; neonatal allergy; vomiting |
| Description: |
Acute and chronic Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) has been well characterized in children; otherwise, neonatal FPIES (N-FPIES) remains poorly understood. In terms of pathophysiology, neonatal FPIES appears to have a more prevalent TH2 response and is characterized by specific clinical features that make the diagnosis challenging. Genetic and environmental risk factors may predispose to the development of FPIES. Recent evidence indicates that a characteristic microbiota signature may lead to barrier dysfunction, reduced regulatory T cells, and abnormal intestinal production of serotonin, responsible for the symptoms of FPIES. Regarding clinical presentation, newborns with FPIES may not fully meet the current guideline’s diagnostic criteria at disease onset, being more similar to clinical entity specific of neonatal age than to acute FPIES in infants and children. Hence, differentiation from other neonatal medical and surgical conditions—particularly necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)—remains a critical challenge for clinicians. This present review highlights our current understanding of N-FPIES, in term of pathophysiology, clinical presentation diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Refining diagnostic criteria for N-FPIES represents a clinical priority to help physicians in diagnosing and managing this challenging condition. Last, but not least, larger clinical trials are needed to optimize treatment practices in term and preterm newborns with FPIES. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
ELETTRONICO |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/40217910; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:001463593900001; volume:14; issue:7; firstpage:1; lastpage:15; numberofpages:15; journal:JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE; https://hdl.handle.net/11383/2207186 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/jcm14072461 |
| Availability: |
https://hdl.handle.net/11383/2207186; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072461 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; license:Creative commons ; license uri:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.FDCC5A70 |
| Database: |
BASE |