| Title: |
Catalytic Epoxidation of Waste Palm Cooking Oil Using In Situ Generated Peracid and a Hybrid Catalyst System |
| Authors: |
Mohd Jumain Jalil; Nur Izzah Anati Morsidi; Nursyazliana Kamal; Siti Nadia Abdullah; Siti Mazlifah Ismail; Azmi Roslan; Mohd Azril Riduan; Intan Suhada Azmi |
| Source: |
Kemija u Industriji, Vol 74, Iss 9-10, Pp 379-384 (2025) |
| Publisher Information: |
Croatian Society of Chemical Engineers, 2025. |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
LCC:Chemistry |
| Subject Terms: |
epoxidation; waste cooking oil; oxirane content; hybrid catalyst; eco-friendly; Chemistry; QD1-999 |
| Description: |
This study investigates the catalytic epoxidation of waste palm cooking oil via an in situ generated peracid mechanism, employing a hybrid homogeneous catalyst system comprising sulphuric and nitric acid to enhance efficiency and sustainability. The research focuses on optimising key reaction parameters, which include temperature, catalyst loading, hydrogen peroxide-to-oleic acid molar ratio, and formic acid-to-oleic acid molar ratio. The optimised conditions identified were: (1) reaction temperature of 65 °C, yielding the highest oxirane content while minimising side reactions; (2) a catalyst loading of 0.5, achieving the best balance of conversion efficiency and reaction stability; (3) a hydrogen peroxide-to-oleic acid molar ratio of 2 : 1, maximising oxirane yield without promoting degradation reactions; and (4) a formic acid-to-oleic acid molar ratio of 1 : 1, providing the optimal acid concentration for efficient epoxidation. These findings support the potential of using waste-derived oils in biopolymer production, aligning with sustainable development and circular economy principles. This optimised approach enhances waste valorisation and contributes to the synthesis of eco-friendly materials. |
| Document Type: |
article |
| File Description: |
electronic resource |
| Language: |
English; Croatian |
| ISSN: |
0022-9830; 1334-9090 |
| Relation: |
http://silverstripe.fkit.hr/kui/assets/Uploads/3-379-384-KUI-9-10-2025.pdf; https://doaj.org/toc/0022-9830; https://doaj.org/toc/1334-9090 |
| DOI: |
10.15255/KUI.2024.049 |
| Access URL: |
https://doaj.org/article/06726071b8f64f509fe052dafd24133b |
| Accession Number: |
edsdoj.06726071b8f64f509fe052dafd24133b |
| Database: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |