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Yang Li,1,* Yan Zhou,2,* Fanke Wang,2 Piaopiao Shi,2 Jianling Yang,3 Bing Zhang,3 Ruizhe Shi,2 Ming Wei,2 Huan Ren4 1Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Two Departments, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery Ward Two, Chinese People’s Liberation Army Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Huan Ren, Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Email renh2024h@163.com Ming Wei, Department of Gastrointestinal Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Two Departments, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215, Heping Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0311 66002999, Email weim68m@21cn.comObjective: To establish a predictive model for wound infection after ileostomy for rectal cancer and its relationship with nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) gene polymorphism.Methods: A total of 347 samples were randomly divided into two groups: the model group (n = 260) and the verification group (n = 87). The patients in the model group were further divided into the infection group (n = 96) and the non-infection group (n = 164). Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the influencing factors of postoperative infection. The TaqMan probe method was used for genotyping.Results: The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age > 65 years, diabetes, operation time > 105 minutes, loop colostomy and abnormal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were independent risk factors. The risk value of postoperative wound infection predicted by the nomogram model reached 0.93, corresponding to a maximum predicted infection probability of 92.68%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the nomogram model was 0.869 (P < 0.001) and 0.861 (P < 0.001). The comparison of NLRP3 genotypes between the two groups showed that the proportion of the GG genotype was significantly higher in the infection group than the CC and CG genotypes (51.43% vs 29.90% and 38.98%, respectively). In patients with the GG genotype, the associations between age > 65 years, diabetes and abnormal TEWL with wound infection remained significant (all P |