Uprising in East Germany, 1953

• Preface
• p. xv

• Introduction and Acknowledgements
• p. xix

• Acronyms and Abbreviations
• p. xxvii

• Chronology of Events
• p. xxxi

• Part 1
• The Origins of the Crisis

• Introduction
• p. 1

• Document No. 1
• Soviet and East German Minutes of Conversations between Josef Stalin and SED Leaders in the GDR, 1 April and 7 April 1952
• p. 22

• Document No. 2
• CPSU CC Resolution Approving the Deployment of Border Guards along the Eastern Border of the GDR, 2 January 1953
• p. 43

• Document No. 3
• Memorandum of Discussion at the 136th Meeting of the National Security Council, 11 March 1953
• p. 44

• Document No. 4
• Draft Instructions for General Vasilii Chuikov and Vladimir Semyonov Regarding GDR Control of Borders, 18 March 1953
• p. 50

• Document No. 5
• Memorandum by Ivan Tugarinov, "On the Western Powers' Policy Regarding the German Question," 18 April 1953
• p. 52

• Document No. 6
• Memorandum on the German Question, from Georgii Pushkin and Mikhail Gribanov to Vyacheslav Molotov, 18 April 1953
• p. 67

• Document No. 7
• Soviet Foreign Ministry Memorandum, "Regarding Further Measures of the Soviet Government on the German Question," 28 April 1953
• p. 71

• Document No. 8
• Cable from N. Spencer Barnes to U.S. Department of State Reviewing Developments in the GDR since Stalin's Death, 30 April 1953
• p. 74

• Document No. 9
• Memorandum from Vladimir Semyonov to Vyacheslav Molotov Evaluating the Prospects for a Successful Resolution of the German Question, 2 May 1953
• p. 82

• Document No. 10
• Report on 4 May Disturbances at the Tobacco Depot in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 7 May 1953
• p. 86

• Document No. 11
• USSR Foreign Ministry Draft Memorandum, "On Further Soviet Government Measures Pertaining to the German Question," 8 May 1953
• p. 90

• Document No. 12
• Memorandum from the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs to Vladimir Semyonov, "On the Question of Preventing the Defection of Inhabitants from the GDR to West Germany," 15 May 1953
• p. 97

• Document No. 13
• Memorandum from General Vasilii Chukov, Pavel Yudin, and Ivan Il'ichev to Georgii Malenkov Critically Assessing the Situation in the GDR, 18 May 1953
• p. 100

• Document No. 14
• CIA Report Evaluating Vladimir Semyonov's Appointment as Soviet High Commissioner for Germany, 29 May, 1953
• p. 110

• Document No. 15
• Cable from Ambassador Charles Bohlen to John Foster Dulles regarding the Transfer of Soviet Control in East Germany to Soviet High Commissioner Vladimir Semyonov, 29 May 1953
• p. 111

• Document No. 16
• Materials for a Meeting of the Organizational Secretariat of the CPCz CC, with Attached Report on Party Activities in Plzen in Connection with the Events of 1 June 1953, 31 July 1953
• p. 113

• Document No. 17
• Radio Free Europe Report on the Strikes in Plzen during Early June 1953, 8 September 1953
• p. 128

• Document No. 18
• USSR Council of Ministers Order "On Measures to Improve the Health of the Political Situation in the GDR," 2 June 1953
• p. 133

• Document No. 19
• Otto Grotewohl's Notes of Meetings between East German and Soviet Leaders in Moscow, 2-4 June 1953
• p. 137

• Document No. 20
• SED CC Politburo Minutes Discussing Moscow's Directives for the New Course, 6 June 1953
• p. 139

• Document No. 21
• Cable from Samuel Reber to U.S. Department of State Outlining U.S. Perspectives on Four-Power Talks, 13 June 1953
• p. 142

• Document No. 22
• Transcript of Conversations between the Soviet Leadership and a Hungarian Workers' Party Delegation in Moscow, 13 and 16 June 1953
• p. 144

• Document No. 23
• Letter from Lavrentii Beria to Georgii Malenkov Reflecting on the Events of Spring 1953, 1 July 1953
• p. 155

• Document No. 24
• Transcript of the CPSU CC Plenum Meetings Regarding Beria's Views on the German Question in Spring 1953, 2-3 July 1953 (Excerpts)
• p. 158

• Part 2
• The Uprising

• Introduction
• p. 163

• Document No. 25
• Situation Report from Vladimir Semyonov and Andrei Grechko to Vyacheslav Molotov and Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, 7:26 a.m. Moscow Time (5:26 a.m. CET)
• p. 181

• Document No. 26
• Situation Report from Vladimir Semyonov and Andrei Grechko to Vyacheslav Molotov and Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, 11:15 a.m. CET
• p. 183

• Document No. 27
• Cable from the Czechoslovak Mission in Berlin to Foreign Minister Vaclav David, 17 June 1953, received 1:45 p.m. CET
• p. 185

• Document No. 28
• Radio Telegram from Vladimir Semyonov Providing Situation Report to Vyacheslav Molotov and Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, as of 2:00 p.m. CET
• p. 186

• Document No. 29
• Situation Report from the Czechoslovak Mission in Berlin to Foreign Minister Vaclav David, 17 June 1953
• p. 188

• Document No. 30
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, received 6:30 p.m. Moscow Time (4:30 p.m. CET)
• p. 190

• Document No. 31
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, as of 5:30 p.m. CET
• p. 192

• Document No. 32
• Cable from Cecil Lyon to U.S. Department of State Relaying Minutes of the First Meeting of the Western Military Commandants in Berlin, 17 June 1953, 6:00 p.m. CET
• p. 194

• Document No. 33
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 17 June 1953, as of 11:00 p.m. Moscow Time (9:00 p.m. CET)
• p. 196

• Document No. 34
• Cable from Cecil Lyon to the State Department Reporting on Afternoon Meeting of the Western Commandants, 17 June 1953, 9:00 p.m. CET
• p. 198

• Document No. 35
• Telephonogram from Vladimir Semyonov and Marshal Vasilii Sokolovskii to Vyacheslav Molotov and Nikolai Bulganin Reporting on the Situation in East Berlin, 17 June 1953, as of 11:00 p.m. CET
• p. 200

• Document No. 36
• Pravda Correspondent P. Naumov to Dimitrii Shepilov, "Report on the Events in Berlin on 16 and 17 June 1953," 22 June 1953
• p. 202

• Document No. 37
• Situation Report from Marshal Vasilii Sokolovskii and Marshal Leonid Govorov to Nikolai Bulganin, 18 June 1953, 2:05 a.m. Moscow Time (12:05 a.m. CET)
• p. 208

• Document No. 38
• Psychological Strategy Board Memorandum from John M. Anspacher to George A. Morgan, 17 June 1953
• p. 210

• Document No. 39
• Cable from John Foster Dulles to HICOG Bonn on the Propaganda Value of the East Berlin Demonstrations, 17 June 1953, 7:02 p.m. EST (18 June 1953, 1:02 a.m. CET)
• p. 213

• Document No. 40
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 18 June 1953, as of 8:00 a.m. Moscow Time (6:00 a.m. CET)
• p. 214

• Document No. 41
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 18 June 1953, as of 1:00 p.m. Moscow Time (11:00 a.m. CET)
• p. 216

• Document No. 42
• Telephonogram from Vladimir Semyonov and Vasilii Sokolovskii to Vyacheslav Molotov Reporting on the Situation in East Berlin, 18 June 1953, as of 2:00 p.m. CET
• p. 217

• Document No. 43
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 18 June 1953, as of 6:00 p.m. Moscow Time (4:00 p.m. CET)
• p. 219

• Document No. 44
• Telegram from Cecil Lyon to U.S. Department of State Reporting on Developments in Berlin, 18 June 1953, 7:00 p.m. CET
• p. 220

• Document No. 45
• CIA Current Intelligence Review Analyzing the "Communist 'New Look'" and "Recent Unrest in Eastern Europe," 18 June 1953
• p. 222

• Document No. 46
• Minutes of Discussion at the 150th Meeting of the National Security Council on 18 June 1953, 19 June 1953
• p. 225

• Document No. 47
• Report from KGB Resident in Berlin Col. Ivan Fadeikin to Marshal Vasilii Sokolovskii, 19 June 1953
• p. 232

• Document No. 48
• Telephonogram from Vladimir Semyonov and Marshal Vasilii Sokolovskii to Vyacheslav Molotov and Nikolai Bulganin Reporting on the Situation in East Berlin, 19 June 1953, 3:35 p.m. CET
• p. 236

• Document No. 49
• CPCz Information Bulletin on Czechoslovak Reaction to the Events in East Germany, 19 June 1953
• p. 237

• Document No. 50
• Order from the Polish Minister of State Security, to Regional Branches Outlining Steps to be Taken to Limit Spillover of Events in East Germany, 19 June 1953
• p. 241

• Document No. 51
• CIA Current Intelligence Digest, "Comment on Berlin Rioting," 19 June 1953
• p. 243

• Document No. 52
• Situation Report from Andrei Grechko and A. Tarasov to Nikolai Bulganin, 20 June 1953, as of 10:00 a.m. Moscow Time (8:00 a.m. CET)
• p. 244

• Document No. 53
• Special Report No. 2 of the WUBP in Wroclaw (Poland), Regarding Spillover from Events in Berlin, 20 June 1953
• p. 245

• Document No. 54
• Memorandum from Karl Schirdewan to First Secretaries of the District Leaderships of the SED, 21 June 1953
• p. 247

• Document No. 55
• Diary Entry from U.S. HICOG James B. Conant on the Effects of East Zone Troubles on Soviet Policy, 21 June 1953
• p. 248

• Document No. 56
• CIA Current Intelligence Bulletin on Comments by Charles Bohlen and the Deployment of Soviet Troops, 21 June 1953
• p. 249

• Document No. 57
• CPSU CC Memorandum to the SED CC, Enclosure to Minutes No. 40 from the SED Politburo Session of 21 June 1953, 23 June 1953
• p. 251

• Document No. 58
• Minute from Selwyn Lloyd to Winston Churchill, Reflecting British Perspectives on the Berlin Uprising, 22 June 1953
• p. 252

• Document No. 59
• Special Report No. 4 of the WUBP in Wroclaw (Poland), Noting the Spread of Rumors about East Germany, 23 June 1953
• p. 255

• Document No. 60
• Report from Vasilii Sokolovskii, Vladimir Semyonov, and Pavel Yudin "On the Events of 17-19 June 1953 in Berlin and the GDR and Certain Conclusions from These Events," 24 June 1953
• p. 257

• Document No. 61
• CIA Intelligence Memorandum, "Indications of [Soviet] Intentions in Europe," c. 24 June 1953
• p. 286

• Document No. 62
• CIA Information Report, "Continuing Resistance among Workers," 25 June 1953
• p. 288

• Document No. 63
• Memorandum from Secretary of the Moscow Committee N. Mikhailov to Nikita Khrushchev, 26 June 1953
• p. 289

• Document No. 64
• Report from Lt.-Gen. F. Fedenko to Lt.-Gen. N. D. Pavlovskii Summarizing Data on the Number of Participants in the East German Uprising, 27 June 1953
• p. 291

• Document No. 65
• Protocol #1 of a Meeting of the Vyshinskii Commission to Draft a Proposal Pertaining to the GDR, 2 July 1953
• p. 293

• Document No. 66
• Memorandum from Vladimir Semyonov and Pavel Yudin to Vyacheslav Molotov Regarding Inter-Zonal Movements in Berlin, 4 July 1953
• p. 295

• Document No. 67
• Otto Grotewohl's Handwritten Notes of a SED CC Politburo Meeting, 8 July 1953
• p. 297

• Document No. 68
• Report from Maj.-Gen. Sergei Dengin to Vladimir Semyonov, "On the Situation in the Soviet Sector of Berlin," 8 July 1953
• p. 299

• Document No. 69
• Memorandum from Georgii Pushkin to Andrei Vyshinskii Regarding Proposals Made by Semyonov, Sokolovskii and Yudin, 9 July 1953 (Excerpt)
• p. 303

• Document No. 70
• Note from Sergei Kruglov to Georgii Malenkov, with Attached Communication from Pyotr Fedotov and Ivan Fadeikin Regarding the SED CC Politburo, 9 July 1953
• p. 309

• Document No. 71
• CIA Information Report, "Berlin Situation as of 5.00 p.m., 9 July 1953," 10 July 1953
• p. 314

• Document No. 72
• Memorandum from Sergei Kruglov to Georgii Malenkov Summarizing an East German Investigation into the Alleged Western Role in the Provocations of 17 June 15 July 1953
• p. 315

• Part 3
• The Aftermath: Implications for U.S. Policy

• Introduction
• p. 317

• Document No. 73
• Summary of Discussion at the 151st Meeting of the National Security Council, 25 June 1953
• p. 329

• Document No. 74
• NSC 158, "United States Objectives and Actions to Exploit the Unrest in the Satellite States," 29 June 1953
• p. 332

• Document No. 75
• Czechoslovak Communist Party Information Bulletin, 1 July 1953
• p. 335

• Document No. 76
• Memorandum of Informal Psychological Strategy Board Meeting, 1 July 1953
• p. 337

• Document No. 77
• Memorandum of Informal Psychological Strategy Board Meeting, 8 July 1953
• p. 339

• Document No. 78
• Report of the Chief of the WUBP in Olsztyn (Poland) for June 1953, 9 July 1953 (Excerpts)
• p. 341

• Document No. 79
• Memorandum of Telephone Conversation between John Foster Dulles and Allen Dulles, 10 July 1953
• p. 344

• Document No. 80
• CIA Special Supplement to the Current Intelligence Weekly, 10 July 1953
• p. 345

• Document No. 81
• CIA Information Report, "Plans for Renewal of Strikes in East Germany," 13 July 1953
• p. 351

• Document No. 82
• Letter from President Eisenhower to Field Marshal Montgomery of Alamein, 14 July 1953
• p. 353

• Document No. 83
• Intelligence Advisory Committee, Special Estimate (SE-47), "Probable Effect of Recent Developments in Eastern Germany on Soviet Policy with Respect to Germany," 21 July 1953
• p. 355

• Document No. 84
• Letter from James Conant to John Foster Dulles, 28 July 1953
• p. 359

• Document No. 85
• Draft Resolution of the CPSU CC, c. 31 July 1953
• p. 361

• Document No. 86
• CIA Information Report, "Unrest over Food Packages," 7 August 1953
• p. 363

• Document No. 87
• Conclusions from Reports of the SED District Leaderships, 8 August 1953
• p. 364

• Document No. 88
• Cable from James Conant to John Foster Dulles, 8 August 1953
• p. 365

• Document No. 89
• Memorandum from John A. Bross to Allen Dulles Regarding Food Depots along Zonal Boundaries, 11 August 1953
• p. 366

• Document No. 90
• Memorandum from Leonid Brezhnev to Nikita Khrushchev, 20 August 1953
• p. 368

• Document No. 91
• Report of the Polish Diplomatic Mission in Berlin for the Period 21 June-31 August 1953 (Excerpts), c. September 1953
• p. 371

• Document No. 92
• CIA Information Report, "Aftermath of the Riots," 10 September 1953
• p. 374

• Document No. 93
• HICOG Report on the U.S. Food Aid Program for East Germany, 17 September 1953
• p. 376

• Document No. 94
• CIA Information Report, "Estimated Damage as a Result of the June 16/17 Mass Demonstrations," 16 October 1953
• p. 390

• Document No. 95
• NSC Report No. 174, "United States Policy Toward the Soviet Satellites in Eastern Europe," 11 December 1953
• p. 392

• Epilogue
• p. 415

• Main Actors
• p. 423

• Bibliography
• p. 427

• Index
• p. 441