Landownership in Eastern Germany before the Great War

• List of Tables
• p. xvii

• List of Figures
• p. xxiii

• Map: Central Europe in 1910, with seven East Elbian provinces outlined in white
• p. xxiv

• 1
• Introduction
• p. 1

• 1.1
• The Setting
• p. 1

• 1.2
• Who Owned the Land? How do we Know?
• p. 4

• 1.3
• Address Books of Landed Properties as Sources for Scholars
• p. 6

• 1.3.1
• The Pioneer: Johannes Conrad
• p. 6

• 1.3.2
• Conrad's Students and Followers
• p. 9

• 1.3.3
• Recent Work in the Conradian Tradition: Hess, Nabert, Buchsteiner, Schiller
• p. 10

• 1.4
• Farm Statistics are not Property Statistics
• p. 20

• 1.4.1
• Incomparabilities in the Data of the Agricultural Censuses
• p. 23

• 1.4.2
• Owning, Renting, and Ownership Statistics
• p. 27

• 1.4.3
• Can Census Data Serve as a Proxy for Property Data?
• p. 30

• 1.4.4
• Adjustment of the 1882 Census Data
• p. 30

• 2
• Data Considerations
• p. 37

• 2.1
• Preview
• p. 37

• 2.2
• Principal Sources and Uses of Ownership Data
• p. 37

• 2.3
• Correcting and Adjusting the Data
• p. 41

• 2.3.1
• Internal Consistency of the Data
• p. 41

• 2.3.2
• Problems with Individual Properties
• p. 43

• General
• p. 43

• The Principality of Pless
• p. 44

• 2.3.3
• Incomplete Coverage of the Data
• p. 46

• 2.3.4
• Adjusting for the Anomalies in Reporting State-Owned Properties
• p. 48

• Introduction
• p. 48

• Adjustments to State and Crown Properties for Pomerania, Brandenburg, and East Prussia
• p. 48

• 3
• The Geographical and Size Distribution of Large Landed Properties
• p. 54

• 3.1
• Preview
• p. 54

• 3.2
• Introduction
• p. 55

• 3.3
• The Land Endowment of the Eastern Provinces
• p. 55

• 3.4
• The Regional Distribution of Large Properties
• p. 59

• 3.5
• The Size of Large Properties
• p. 67

• 3.5.1
• Traditional View 1: Distribution by Total Area of Properties
• p. 67

• 3.5.2
• Traditional View 2: Distribution by Total Area Owned
• p. 69

• 3.5.3
• A Non-Traditional View 1: Distribution by Tax Value
• p. 73

• 3.5.4
• A Non-Traditional View 2: Logarithmic Distributions
• p. 76

• 3.5.5
• Summary
• p. 78

• 3.5.6
• Distribution in the Provinces
• p. 83

• 4
• Ownership of Land by Rank or Class of Owner
• p. 86

• 4.1
• Preview
• p. 86

• 4.2
• Introduction
• p. 87

• 4.3
• Ownership by Rank and Type of Owner
• p. 91

• 4.3.1
• Royalty
• p. 93

• 4.3.2
• The Nobility
• p. 98

• Princes and Dukes
• p. 98

• Counts and Countesses
• p. 102

• Barons and Baronesses
• p. 103

• Untitled Nobility
• p. 106

• Summary
• p. 108

• 4.3.3
• Non-Noble Persons ('Bourgeoisie')
• p. 109

• 4.3.4
• Another Look at Rank: Military Officers
• p. 111

• 4.3.5
• The Prussian State
• p. 116

• 4.3.6
• Non-Physical Juridical Persons (Other than the Prussian State)
• p. 117

• 4.4
• Summary
• p. 119

• 5
• The Biggest Landowners
• p. 123

• 5.1
• Preview
• p. 123

• 5.2
• Introduction: Conrad's Twenty Largest Landowners
• p. 124

• 5.3
• The Top Fifty Landowners by Total Area and Total Tax Value
• p. 129

• 5.4
• The Super Elite: The Top Ten Landowners
• p. 146

• 6
• Knight's Estates: A Special Class of Property
• p. 152

• 6.1
• Preview
• p. 152

• 6.2
• Introduction
• p. 153

• 6.3
• Numbers and Area of Knight's Estates in East Elbia
• p. 155

• 6.3.1
• General Considerations
• p. 155

• 6.3.2
• Coverage and Inclusion
• p. 157

• 6.4
• East and West Prussia, 1834-1884/5
• p. 158

• 6.5
• Ownership Changes in All Seven Provinces after c.1882
• p. 163

• 6.6
• Who Owned How Much?
• p. 165

• 6.6.1
• Was there Specialization in Ownership?
• p. 167

• 6.6.2
• Grouping Properties by their Land-Use Profile
• p. 168

• 6.6.3
• Did Different Classes of Owners Specialize in What Types of Properties They Owned and Where?
• p. 170

• 6.6.4
• Why did Knight's Estates Appear to Command a Premium over Other Large Properties in the Market?
• p. 173

• 6.7
• Summary of Examination of Knight's Estates
• p. 173

• 7
• Industry on the Land
• p. 175

• 7.1
• Preview
• p. 175

• 7.2
• Introduction
• p. 176

• 7.2.1
• The Data
• p. 177

• 7.2.2
• Summary of Distribution of Industrial Establishments
• p. 178

• 7.2.3
• Numbers of Certain Industrial Establishments from Tax Data
• p. 180

• 7.2.4
• Industrial Establishments according to the Industrial Censuses
• p. 182

• 7.3
• Industrial Establishments on the Larger Estates
• p. 185

• 7.3.1
• Share of Census-Listed Industrial Establishments on Large Estates
• p. 187

• 7.3.2
• Distribution by Province and Size Category over Time
• p. 188

• 7.3.3
• Who Owned the Properties with Industrial Establishments on Them?
• p. 190

• 7.3.4
• Owners with Twelve or more Industrial Establishments on their Land
• p. 193

• 7.4
• Factors Influencing the Location of Rural-Based Industrial Enterprises
• p. 200

• 7.5
• Summary and Conclusions
• p. 207

• 8
• Classifying Land by its Use
• p. 210

• 8.1
• Preview
• p. 210

• 8.2
• Introduction: The Distribution of Land Quality and Value
• p. 211

• 8.3
• Classifying Properties by Land-Use Profiles
• p. 222

• 8.3.1
• Calculating Land-Use Profiles
• p. 224

• 8.3.2
• Cluster Analysis and the Number of Properties
• p. 225

• 8.3.3
• Cluster Analysis and the Area and Tax Value of Properties
• p. 229

• 8.3.4
• Regional Concentration of Properties by Land-Use Profiles
• p. 230

• 8.3.5
• Was there Specialization in Ownership of Large Properties?
• p. 232

• 9
• Concluding Remarks
• p. 236

• 9.1
• The Book Started with a Sermon
• p. 236

• 9.2
• What has this Study Shown?
• p. 236

• 9.3
• Was the Land Tax Biased to Favour Big Holdings?
• p. 242

• 9.4
• Auf Wiedersehen
• p. 249

• Appendix
• Coding the Handbook Data
• p. 250

• A.1
• Location Coding
• p. 250

• A.2
• Owner Codes
• p. 250

• A.2.1
• Physical Persons
• p. 251

• A.2.2
• Non-Physical Legal Persons
• p. 252

• A.3
• Other Codes
• p. 254

• A.3.1
• Additional Characteristics of Owner or Property
• p. 254

• A.3.2
• Reference Variables and Fields
• p. 256

• List of Works Cited
• p. 258

• 1
• Archival Sources and Prussian Laws
• p. 258

• 2
• Official Government Publications
• p. 258

• 3
• Directories of Landowners and Landed Properties
• p. 259

• 4
• Articles, Book Chapters, Lectures, Monographs, Reference Works
• p. 260

• Index
• p. 265