The Prague Spring 1968

Titel:	The Prague Spring 1968 / comp. and ed. by Jaromír Navrátil ...
Beteiligt:	Navrátil, Jaromír (Herausgeber)
Veröffentlicht:	Budapest : CEU Press, 2006
Umfang:	XXXIX, 596 Seiten : Illustrationen, Karten
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Englisch
Schriftenreihe/ mehrbändiges Werk:	National Security Archive cold war readers
RVK-Notation:	MG 96086 · NQ 8275
Schlagworte:	Prager Frühling Quelle
ISBN:	9637326677 ; 9789637326677
Hinweise zum Inhalt:	Inhaltsverzeichnis

Buchumschlag

X

Preface
p. xv

Foreword
p. xvii

Acknowledgements
p. xxiii

Acronyms and Abbreviations
p. xxv

Chronology of Events
p. xxvii

Part 1
'A Sun Suddenly Risen' A Prelude to the Prague Spring of 1968

Introduction
p. 1

Document No. 1
Proceedings of the 4th Czechoslovak Writers' Congress, June 27-29, 1967, and a Follow-up Resolution by the CPCz CC Plenum, September 1967 (Excerpts)
p. 8

Document No. 2
Speeches by Alexander Dubcek and Antonin Novotny at the CPCz CC Plenum, October 30-31, 1967
p. 13

Document No. 3
Remarks by Leonid Brezhnev at a Meeting of Top CPCz Officials, in Prague, December 9, 1967 (Excerpts)
p. 18

Document No. 4
Janos Kadar's Report to the HSWP Politburo of a Telephone Conversation with Leonid Brezhnev, December 13, 1967
p. 20

Document No. 5
Andrei Aleksandrov-Agentov's Memori of the Pre-Crisis Period (Excerpt)
p. 23

Part 2
From January to Dresden

Introduction
p. 27

Document No. 6
Resolution of the CPCz CC Plenum, January 5, 1968, Electing Alexander Dubcek as First Secretary
p. 34

Document No. 7
Janos Kadar's Report to the HSWP Politburo on His Meetings with Alexander Dubcek, January 20, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 37

Document No. 8
Report Submitted to the CPCz CC Presidium on Alexander Dubcek's Visit to Moscow, January 29-30, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 42

Document No. 9
"What Lies Ahead," by Josef Smrkovsky, February 9, 1968
p. 45

Document No. 10
Alexander Dubcek's Speech Marking the 20th Anniversary of Czechoslovakia's "February Revolution," February 22, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 51

Document No. 11
Report by Czechoslovak Television Reporter on Soviet Reactions to the Events in the CSSR, February 28, 1968
p. 55

Document No. 12
Observations by Czechoslovak Escort-Guides on the Views of Foreign Delegations Attending the Celebrations of the "February Revolution," February 1968
p. 58

Document No. 13
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Inviting a CSSR Delegation to the USSR, March 16, 1968
p. 63

Document No. 14
Stenographic Account of the Dresden Meeting, March 23, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 64

Document No. 15
Alexander Dubcek's Presidium Report on the Dresden Meeting, March 25, 1968
p. 73

Document No. 16
Open Letter from 134 Czechoslovak Writers and Cultural Figures to the CPCz Central Committee, March 25, 1968
p. 76

Document No. 17
Soviet Reactions to Events in Czechoslovakia and the Dresden Meeting, as Assessed by the Italian Embassy in Moscow, April 1968
p. 78

Document No. 18
Dispatch from Budapest Outlining Hungarian Concerns about Events in Czechoslovakia after the Dresden Meeting, April 6, 1968
p. 81

Part 3
Revision, Reform, Revolution?

Introduction
p. 83

Document No. 19
The CPCz CC Action Program, April 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 92

Document No. 20
Cable from Andrei Gromyko for Todor Zhivkov, Janos Kadar, Walter Ulbricht, and Wladyslaw Gomulka Regarding the Internal Security Situation in Czechoslovakia, April 1968
p. 96

Document No. 21
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Expressing Concern about Events in Czechoslovakia, April 11, 1968
p. 98

Document No. 22
Cable from Czechoslovak Ambassador Oldrich Pavlovsky on a Conversation with Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Il'ichev, April 17, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 101

Document No. 23
Memoir of Andrei Aleksandrov-Agentov on Internal Soviet Deliberations about Czechoslovakia (Excerpts)
p. 102

Document No. 24
Cable to Moscow from Soviet Ambassador to Warsaw Averki Aristov Regarding Wladyslaw Gomulka's Views on the Situation in Czechoslovakia, April 16, 1968
p. 103

Document No. 25
"Proposal for a Number of Major Political Measures to Facilitate the Process of Mutual Understanding in Relations with the USSR," by Czechoslovak Foreign Minister Jiri Hajek, April 17, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 105

Document No. 26
Report on Secret Discussions between the CPCz CC International Department and Egon Bahr of the West German Social Democratic Party, April 17-19, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 108

Document No. 27
Report by CSSR National Defense Minister Martin Dzur on a Meeting with Marshal Yakubovskii, Commander-in-Chief of the Warsaw Pact Joint Armed Forces, April 24-25, 1968
p. 112

Document No. 28
Stenographic Account of the Soviet-Czechoslovak Summit Meeting in Moscow, May 4-5, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 114

Document No. 29
Report on the Visit of Luigi Longo, Italian CP General Secretary, to Czechoslovakia, May 5-7, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 126

Document No. 30
Minutes of the CPCz CC Presidium Meeting, May 7-8, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 129

Document No. 31
Minutes of the Secret Meeting of the "Five" in Moscow, May 8, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 132

Document No. 32
Cable from the Czechoslovak Ambassador to Yugoslavia, May 9, 1968, on Leonid Brezhnev's Recent Discussions with Josip Broz Tito
p. 144

Document No. 33
Report by Czechoslovak Press Agency Correspondent Jan Risko from Moscow, May 12, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 145

Document No. 34
Cable from the Soviet Ambassador in Warsaw to Soviet Prime Minister Aleksei Kosygin, May 22, 1968
p. 147

Document No. 35
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Informing Him about the Results of the Moscow Meeting of the "Five", May 1968
p. 148

Document No. 36
"On the Current Situation (Some Urgent Points Regarding the USSR's International Position)," The CPSU Politburo's Dissemination of Briefing Materials on the Crisis to CPSU Members, May 27, 1968
p. 150

Document No. 37
Alexander Dubcek's Speech to the CPCz CC Plenary Session, May 29 - June 1, 1968, with Discussion by Vasil Bil'ak (Excerpts)
p. 152

Document No. 38
KAN's Manifesto, May 1968
p. 156

Document No. 39
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Proposing Another Bilateral Meeting, June 11, 1968
p. 158

Document No. 40
"Status of the Sumava Allied Exercise," Report to Alexander Dubcek by CSSR Defense Minister Martin Dzur, June 17, 1968
p. 160

Document No. 41
Resolution and Letter to the Soviet People from the National Conference of the People's Militia, June 19, 1968
p. 163

Document No. 42
"Czechoslovakia: The Dubcek Pause," U.S. Intelligence Assessment of the Crisis, June 1968
p. 166

Document No. 43
"On the Dissemination of the CPSU CC's Periodic Report on the Situation in Czechoslovakia and Certain Foreign Policy Steps of the Romanian Leadership": A Memorandum on Efforts to Provide CPSU Members with the Politburo's Latest Analysis of the Crisis, June 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 172

Document No. 44
The "Two Thousand Words" Manifesto, June 27, 1968
p. 177

Part 4
The July Crisis

Introduction
p. 183

Document No. 45
Briefing on the Sumava Exercises for Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik by Commanders of the Czechoslovak People's Army, July 1, 1968, with Follow-up Talks between Dubcek and Marshal Yakubovskii
p. 191

Document No. 46
Letter of the CPSU CC Politburo to the CPCz CC Presidium, July 4, 1968
p. 194

Document No. 47
Report on the Sumava Exercises by Generals I. Olah and F. Szucs of the Hungarian People's Army to the HSWP Politburo, July 5, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 199

Document No. 48
General Semyon Zolotov's Retrospective Account of the Sumava Military Exercises
p. 202

Document No. 49
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Inviting a CPCz Delegation to the Warsaw Meeting, July 6, 1968
p. 206

Document No. 50
Top-Secret Telegram from Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to Moscow Regarding the CPCz CC Presidium's Decision Not to Attend the Warsaw Meeting, July 9, 1968
p. 207

Document No. 51
Message from Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik to Leonid Brezhnev, July 14, 1968
p. 210

Document No. 52
Transcript of the Warsaw Meeting, July 14-15, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 212

Document No. 53
The Warsaw Letter, July 14-15, 1968
p. 234

Document No. 54
Press Conference with Lt. General Vaclav Prchlik, July 15, 1968
p. 239

Document No. 55
Response by the CPCz CC Presidium to the Warsaw Letter, July 16-17, 1968
p. 243

Document No. 56
Speech by Leonid Brezhnev to the CPSU Central Committee on the Proceedings and Results of the Warsaw Meeting, July 17, 1968
p. 250

Document No. 57
Letter from Marshal Yakubovskii to Alexander Dubcek on Gen. Prchlik's News Conference, July 18, 1968
p. 259

Document No. 58
Transcript of Discussion between Alexander Dubcek and Waldeck Rochet, July 19, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 261

Document No. 59
Letter from the French CP to Leonid Brezhnev, July 23, 1968
p. 264

Document No. 60
Soviet Government Diplomatic Note to the Czechoslovak Government, July 20, 1968
p. 265

Document No. 61
"Problems with the Policy of Safeguarding the Internal and External Security of the State, Their Status at Present, the Basic Ways to Resolve Them," Czechoslovakia's Plans for Future Changes in Military and National Security Policies, July 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 268

Document No. 62
Meeting Notes Taken by Chief of the Hungarian People's Army General Staff Karoly Csemi on Talks with Soviet Generals in Budapest to Discuss Preparations for "Operation Danube," July 24, 1968
p. 277

Document No. 63
"Message from the Citizens to the CPCz CC Presidium," July 26, 1968
p. 279

Document No. 64
"On the Current Security Situation," Report by Oldrich Cernik for the CPCz CC Presidium, July 27, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 281

Document No. 65
Speeches by Leonid Brezhnev, Alexander Dubcek, and Aleksei Kosygin at the Cierna nad Tisou Negotiations, July 29, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 284

Document No. 66
Dispatches from Czechoslovak Ambassadors in Berlin, Warsaw, and Budapest on the Deployment of Forces along CSSR Borders, July 29-August 1, 1968
p. 298

Document No. 67
Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Crisis: Events Surrounding the Cierna nad Tisou Negotiations
p. 300

Part 5
August-The Month of Intervention

Introduction
p. 309

Document No. 68
Report by Soviet Ambassador to the GDR Pyotr Abrasimov on East Germany's Position vis-a-vis Czechoslovakia, July 28 and August 1, 1968
p. 316

Document No. 69
Report by Soviet Ambassador to Bulgaria A.M. Puzanov on Bulgaria's Position vis-a-vis Czechoslovakia, August 1, 1968
p. 317

Document No. 70
Polish Views of the Situation in Czechoslovakia on the Eve of the Bratislava Conference, August 2, 1968
p. 319

Document No. 71
Vasil Bil'ak's Recollections of the Bratislava Conference
p. 320

Document No. 72
The "Letter of Invitation" from the Anti-Reformist Faction of the CPCz Leadership, August 1968
p. 324

Document No. 73
The Bratislava Declaration, August 3, 1968
p. 326

Document No. 74
Statement by the CPCz CC Presidium after the Talks at Cierna and Bratislava, August 6, 1968
p. 330

Document No. 75
Janos Kadar's Speech at a Hungarian CC Plenum, August 7, 1968, Regarding Events since the Warsaw Meeting (Excerpts)
p. 331

Document No. 76
Report by Soviet Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to the Kremlin on His Meeting with Alexander Dubcek, August 7, 1968
p. 333

Document No. 77
Summary Report and Transcript of Telephone Conversation between Leonid Brezhnev and Alexander Dubcek, August 9, 1968
p. 336

Document No. 78
Cables from the Czechoslovak Ambassadors in London and Washington on U.S. Reactions to the Situation in Czechoslovakia, August 10-12, 1968
p. 339

Document No. 79
Cables between Moscow and East Berlin Regarding the Approaching Czechoslovak-East German Meeting in Karlovy Vary, August 10-11, 1968
p. 341

Document No. 80
CPSU CC Politburo Message to Alexander Dubcek, August 13, 1968
p. 343

Document No. 81
Transcript of Leonid Brezhnev's Telephone Conversation with Alexander Dubcek, August 13, 1968
p. 345

Document No. 82
The CPSU Politburo's Instructions to Ambassador Chervonenko for Meetings with Czechoslovak Leaders, August 13, 1968
p. 357

Document No. 83
Janos Kadar's Report on Soviet-Hungarian Talks at Yalta, August 12-15, 1968
p. 360

Document No. 84
Reports on Warsaw Pact Military Communications Exercises and Marshal Grechko's Inspection Tours, August 9-16, 1968
p. 363

Document No. 85
Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek, and Dubcek's Notes, Regarding the CPCz's Purported Failure to Carry Out Pledges Made at Cierna and Bratislava, August 16, 1968
p. 366

Document No. 86
Summary of Alexander Dubcek's Meeting with Janos Kadar at Komarno, August 17, 1968
p. 370

Document No. 87
General Semyon Zolotov's Account of the Final Military Preparations for the Invasion
p. 373

Document No. 88
The Soviet Politburo's Resolution on the Final Decision to Intervene in Czechoslovakia, August 17, 1968, with Attachments
p. 376

Document No. 89
Draft "Letter of Warning" from the CPSU CC Politburo to the CPCz CC Presidium, August 17, 1968
p. 384

Document No. 90
Cable Traffic between the CPSU Politburo and Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko Amending the Text and Delivery Time of the "Letter of Warning," August 17-18, 1968
p. 388

Document No. 91
Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko's Report on His Meeting with Czechoslovak President Ludvik Svoboda, August 17, 1968
p. 391

Document No. 92
Leonid Brezhnev's Speech at a Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, August 18, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 395

Document No. 93
Cable from Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to the Kremlin on His Meeting with Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik, August 19, 1968
p. 400

Document No. 94
Message from the CPSU CC Politburo to Members of the CPSU CC and Other Top Party Officials Regarding the Decision to Intervene in Czechoslovakia, August 19, 1968
p. 401

Document No. 95
Ciphered Telegram from Andrei Gromyko to Soviet Embassies in Eastern Europe Transmitting the Joint Text of an Appeal to the Czechoslovak People's Army, August 19, 1968
p. 403

Document No. 96
Cable to Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko from Moscow with a Message for President Svoboda, August 19, 1968, and Chervonenko's Response, August 21, 1968
p. 405

Document No. 97
Emergency Cable from the CPSU Politburo to Soviet Ambassadors around the World, August 19-20, 1968
p. 409

Document No. 98
Invasion Warning from Czechoslovak Ambassador to Hungary Jozef Pucik, August 20, 1968
p. 410

Document No. 99
Report by Defense Minister Dzur, June 9, 1970, Regarding His Activities on the Night of August 20-21, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 411

Document No. 100
Statement by the CPCz CC Presidium Condemning the Warsaw Pact Invasion, August 21, 1968
p. 414

Document No. 101
Report by a Czechoslovak State Security (StB) Official on the Arrest of Dubcek and Other Members of the CPCz CC Presidium, August 21, 1968
p. 416

Document No. 102
The Arrest of the CPCz CC Presidium Members, as Recalled by Josef Smrkovsky's Personal Secretary H. Maxa
p. 418

Document No. 103
Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Invasion and Its Immediate Aftermath
p. 420

Document No. 104
Oldrich Cernik's Recollections of the Crisis (Excerpts)
p. 424

Document No. 105
Janos Kadar's Recollections of Events Preceding and Following the Invasion
p. 427

Document No. 106
The Invasion in Retrospect: The Recollections of General Ivan Pavlovskii
p. 431

Document No. 107
The Invasion in Retrospect: The Recollections of Kirill Mazurov
p. 433

Part 6
The Aftermath

Introduction
p. 437

Document No. 108
Directive from the Commanders of the Southern Group of Soviet Forces Regarding Efforts to Disarm the Czechoslovak People's Army, August 1968
p. 443

Document No. 109
Minutes of the U.S. National Security Council Meeting on the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia, August 20, 1968
p. 445

Document No. 110
Cable from Czechoslovak Ambassador to Washington Karel Duda, to Prague, August 21, 1968
p. 449

Document No. 111
Occupation Order from the Soviet Commander in Trencin, August 21, 1968
p. 450

Document No. 112
Initial On-Site Report by Kirill Mazurov to the CPSU CC Politburo, August 21, 1968
p. 452

Document No. 113
Moscow CPSU Committee's Assessment of Local Citizens' Initial Reactions to the Invasion, August 21-22, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 453

Document No. 114
Pravda Editorial Justifying the Invasion, August 22, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 456

Document No. 115
Discussions Involving Certain Members of the CPCz CC Presidium and Secretariat, at the Soviet Embassy in Prague and the CSSR President's Office, August 22, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 460

Document No. 116
Stenographic Account of Alexander Dubcek's Talks with Leonid Brezhnev and Other Members of the CPSU CC Politburo, August 23, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 465

Document No. 117
Minutes of Soviet-Czechoslovak Talks in the Kremlin, August 23 and 26, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 469

Document No. 118
Minutes of the First Post-Invasion Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, August 24, 1968
p. 474

Document No. 119
The Moscow Protocol, August 26, 1968
p. 477

Document No. 120
Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Moscow Negotiations and the Moscow Protocol
p. 481

Document No. 121
Testimony by the Chief of the CzPA General Staff and the Head of the CzPA's Main Political Directorate at a Meeting of the Presidium of the National Assembly, August 26, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 484

Document No. 122
Speech by Gustav Husak at the Extraordinary 14th Congress of the Slovak Communist Party, August 28, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 487

Document No. 123
Josef Smrkovsky's Address to the People after His Return from Moscow, August 29, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 489

Document No. 124
Situation Report by the U.S. State Department, August 29, 1968
p. 490

Document No. 125
Summary Notes of the 590th Meeting of the National Security Council, September 4, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 492

Document No. 126
Recommendations from the CPSU CC Propaganda Department on Efforts to Establish Political Control in Czechoslovakia, September 6, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 497

Document No. 127
CPCz Central Committee Notes on Problems Stemming from the Presence of Warsaw Pact Forces in Czechoslovakia, September 1968
p. 498

Document No. 128
Unofficial Enunciation of the "Brezhnev Doctrine," September 26, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 502

Document No. 129
Stenographic Account of the Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, September 27, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 504

Document No. 130
KGB Report on the "Counterrevolutionary Underground" in Czechoslovakia, October 13, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 513

Document No. 131
Stenographic Account of Soviet-Czechoslovak Negotiations in Moscow, October 3-4, 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 526

Document No. 132
CIA Intelligence Information Cable, "Comments on the Growth of Disunity within Czech Leadership and Other Aspects of the Current Status of the Soviet Occupation of Czechoslovakia," October 11, 1968
p. 530

Document No. 133
Bilateral Treaty on the "Temporary Presence of Soviet Forces on Czechoslovak Territory," October 16, 1968
p. 533

Document No. 134
The CPCz Leadership's Assessment of the Treaty on Soviet Troop Deployments, October 1968
p. 537

Document No. 135
The Soviet Politburo's Assessment of the Lessons of Operation "Danube" and the Tasks Ahead, November 16, 1968
p. 547

Document No. 136
Minutes of the Soviet-Czechoslovak Negotiations in Kiev, 7-8 December 1968 (Excerpts)
p. 555

Document No. 137
Vasil Bil'ak's Recollections of Preparations for the April 1969 CPCz CC Plenum, and the Removal of Alexander Dubcek
p. 561

Document No. 138
Talks between CSSR Defense Minister Dzur and Soviet Defense Minister Grechko, April 1, 1969
p. 564

Part 7
Documentary Epilogue

Document No. 139
Vadim Medvedev's Account of the Legacy of the 1968 Crisis in the Age of Perestroika
p. 571

Document No. 140
Soviet and Warsaw Pact Apologies to Czechoslovakia, December 1989
p. 576

Main Actors
p. 577

Selected Organizations
p. 581

Bibliography
p. 583

Index of Names
p. 591