Hungarian Culture - Universal Culture

• Introduction
• p. 11

• I.
• Hungarian-Romanian Relations

• 1.
• A New Orientation of Cultural Diplomacy
• p. 17

• 2.
• Laying the Foundations of a New Cooperation
• p. 19

• 3.
• The Model Value of the Hungarian-Romanian Connections
• p. 22

• 4.
• Contradictions in the "Good" Relationships
• p. 29

• 5.
• Setbacks in the Cooperation after Signing the Peace Treaty
• p. 31

• 6.
• Modest Connections in the Field of Sciences
• p. 34

• 7.
• Diminishing Activity of the Civilian Organizations
• p. 37

• 8.
• An Evaluation of the Connections in Literature and Arts
• p. 39

• 9.
• Signing the Cultural Agreement and its Discussion in Parliament
• p. 40

• II.
• Cultural Cooperation Between Hungary and Yugoslavia

• 1.
• Continuing Past Connections
• p. 46

• 2.
• The Foundations of the Good Relationships
• p. 47

• 3.
• Political Parties and Social Organizations
• p. 49

• 4.
• The Results of Cooperation
• p. 52

• 5.
• Signing and Ratifying the Cultural Agreement
• p. 55

• III.
• The Role of the Soviet Union in Hungary's Political and Cultural Political Orientation

• 1.
• Hungary's Interest in Hungarian-Soviet Cultural Connections
• p. 60

• 2.
• Establishing the Hungarian-Soviet Cultural Association
• p. 62

• 3.
• The Importance of the Hungarian Institute
• p. 66

• 4.
• The Significance of the Scientific Connections for Hungarian Researchers
• p. 69

• 5.
• Hungarian Initiatives for the Visits of Scientists and Scholarship Holders
• p. 73

• 6.
• Hungary's Interest in the Exchange of Scientific Publications
• p. 75

• 7.
• Cooperation in Literature and Arts
• p. 76

• 8.
• The Beginning of Russian Language Education in Hungary
• p. 79

• 9.
• The Effects of the "Year of Change" on Cultural Diplomacy
• p. 82

• 10.
• A Halt in Scientific Relations
• p. 86

• 11.
• Hungarian Scholarship Holders Studying in the Soviet Union
• p. 88

• 12.
• The Changing Role of the Hungarian-Soviet Cultural Association
• p. 89

• 13.
• Stagnation in the Cooperation in Arts
• p. 91

• IV.
• The Place of France in Hungarian Cultural Diplomacy

• 1.
• The Heritage of the Past
• p. 93

• 2.
• The Hungarian Institute in Paris
• p. 96

• 3.
• Shaping the Image of Hungary in the French Cultural Awareness
• p. 98

• 4.
• French Culture Foregrounded in Hungarian Cultural Diplomacy
• p. 100

• 5.
• Hungarian-French Scientific Connections
• p. 101

• 6.
• Establishing a Department of Hungarian Philology at Sorbonne
• p. 106

• 7.
• Cooperation in Literature and Arts
• p. 108

• 8.
• The Activities of the Hungarian-French and French-Hungarian Associations
• p. 111

• 9.
• A Draft Hungarian-French Cultural Agreement
• p. 112

• V.
• Cultural and Scientific Cooperation With the United States of America

• 1.
• Consequences of the United States' New Position as a Superpower
• p. 117

• 2.
• Establishing Cultural Connections Between the Two Nations
• p. 118

• 3.
• The Role of Emigrants in Shaping Cooperation
• p. 121

• 4.
• American Book Donations to Hungary
• p. 124

• 5.
• Exchange Visits of Scientists and Scholarship Holders
• p. 126

• 6.
• Establishing Institutes and Language Departments in Hungary and the USA
• p. 129

• 7.
• The Activities of the Hungarian-American Association
• p. 132

• VI.
• Cultural Relations With the United Kingdom

• 1.
• Historic Preliminaries in the Connections of the Two Countries
• p. 135

• 2.
• Establishing New Connections with Great Britain
• p. 137

• 3.
• The Fields of Scientific Cooperation
• p. 138

• 4.
• Literary and Art Connections and Hungarian Emigrants in England
• p. 141

• 5.
• The Effects of the Cold War on the Relations of the Two Countries
• p. 143

• 6.
• A Draft Cultural Agreement Between Hungary and England
• p. 146

• VII.
• The Type and Significance of the Swedish Connections

• 1.
• Research Opportunities in Sweden
• p. 149

• 2.
• Hungarian Institutions and Departments in Sweden
• p. 151

• 3.
• Cooperation in Music
• p. 153

• 4.
• Book Exchanges and Inter-library Cooperation
• p. 154

• 5.
• The Adverse Effects of the Cold War on Cultural Connections
• p. 155

• VIII.
• Continuing Good Relations Between Italy and Hungary

• 1.
• The Foundations of an Undisturbed Cooperation
• p. 157

• 2.
• Possibilities in Scientific Research
• p. 159

• 3.
• The Role of the Hungarian Cultural Institutes in the Bilateral Relationship
• p. 160

• 4.
• Connections Between Universities
• p. 163

• 5.
• Opening in the Field of Literature, Arts and Music
• p. 164

• 6.
• Continuing Cooperation in the First Years of the Cold War
• p. 167

• IX.
• The Changing Role of Culture and Science of the German-Speaking Countries

• 1.
• Traditional Binds to the German Culture
• p. 173

• 2.
• The Necessity of a New Orientation
• p. 176

• 3.
• The Significance of Austria in the New Orientation
• p. 178

• 4.
• The Importance of Switzerland in Shaping the Image of Hungary
• p. 184

• 5.
• Our Literature and Music in Switzerland
• p. 186

• 6.
• Propagating Hungarian Culture in Switzerland
• p. 188

• X.
• Establishing Contacts With Jewish-Palestine

• 1.
• Special Features of the Hungarian-Jewish-Palestinian Relationship
• p. 191

• 2.
• The Possibilities in Scientific Cooperation
• p. 193

• 3.
• Initiatives for Establishing University Departments and Language Departments in Jerusalem
• p. 194

• 4.
• Positive Reception of the Hungarian Initiatives
• p. 195

• 5.
• Disturbances in the New Relationship as a Result of the Political Changes
• p. 198

• 6.
• Temporary Cancellation of the Hungarian Institute of the University of Jerusalem
• p. 199

• XI.
• Hungarian-Polish Cooperation

• 1.
• "The Polish and the Hungarian Are Two Jolly Good Friends": A Catalyst of the Good Relationship
• p. 201

• 2.
• Hungarian Institutions in Poland--Polish Institute in Hungary
• p. 202

• 3.
• Associations in the Service of Friendship and Dissemination of Culture in Each Other's Countries
• p. 204

• 4.
• The Hungarian-Polish Cultural Agreement
• p. 206

• XII.
• Fruitful Connections With Turkey

• 1.
• The Possibilities Offered by the Historic Past in the Field of Culture
• p. 210

• 2.
• Literary and Scholarly Activities of the Hungarian Institute in Ankara
• p. 212

• 3.
• Exchange of Scholars and Scholarship Holders Between the Two Countries
• p. 217

• 4.
• Connections with Turkey in the Field of Arts
• p. 218

• 5.
• The Adverse Effects of the Cold War in Cooperation
• p. 219

• XIII.
• Stalemate in the Hungarian-Bulgarian Relationship

• 1.
• Hungarian-Bulgarian Connections in the Past
• p. 221

• 2.
• Passivity of the Civilian Organizations
• p. 222

• 3.
• Cooperation in Arts and Science
• p. 223

• 4.
• Making a Cultural Agreement
• p. 225

• 5.
• Discussion of the Agreement in Parliament
• p. 227

• XIV.
• Summary, Results, Conclusions
• p. 230

• Abbreviations
• p. 255

• Index of Names
• p. 257