The prehistory of the Balto-Slavic accent

• Preface
• p. xi

• List of Abbreviations
• p. xiv

• 1
• The Indo-European Background
• p. 1

• 1.1
• Proto-Indo-European
• p. 2

• 1.1.1
• The Segmental Inventory
• p. 2

• 1.1.2
• Accent and Ablaut
• p. 4

• 1.2
• Indo-Iranian
• p. 7

• 1.2.1
• Udatta and svarita
• p. 7

• 1.2.2
• Paradigmatic Mobility
• p. 8

• 1.2.3
• Distractable Long Vowels
• p. 9

• 1.3
• Greek
• p. 10

• 1.3.1
• Acute and Circumflex
• p. 10

• 1.3.2
• The Law of Limitation
• p. 12

• 1.3.3
• Final-al and-oi
• p. 13

• 1.3.4
• Paradigmatic Mobility in Greek
• p. 14

• 1.4
• Anatolian
• p. 15

• 1.5
• Germanic
• p. 16

• 1.5.1
• Bimoric and Trimoric Vowels
• p. 16

• 1.5.2
• Verner Doublets
• p. 19

• 1.6
• Accent and Ablaut in Secondary Derivation
• p. 20

• 1.6.1
• Internal Derivation
• p. 20

• 1.6.2
• External Derivation
• p. 22

• 1.7
• Theoretical Issues
• p. 24

• 1.7.1
• The Generative-compositional Approach
• p. 24

• 1.7.2
• Discussion
• p. 26

• 1.7.3
• Conclusion
• p. 29

• 2
• Balto-Slavic: The Descriptive Picture
• p. 31

• 2.1
• Lithuanian
• p. 32

• 2.1.1
• Acute and Circumflex
• p. 32

• 2.1.2
• Acuteness as a Property of Morphemes
• p. 34

• 2.1.3
• The Autonomy of Acuteness
• p. 36

• 2.1.4
• Saussure's Law
• p. 38

• 2.1.5
• Mobility
• p. 39

• 2.1.6
• Zemaitian
• p. 41

• 2.1.7
• Summary
• p. 42

• 2.2
• Slavic
• p. 42

• 2.2.1
• Rising and Falling Accents
• p. 43

• 2.2.2
• Enclinomena
• p. 45

• 2.2.3
• Stang
• p. 45

• 2.2.3.1
• Accent Paradigm a
• p. 46

• 2.2.3.2
• Accent Paradigm c and Me diet's Law
• p. 47

• 2.2.3.3
• Accent Paradigm b
• p. 50

• 2.2.4
• Dybo's Law
• p. 52

• 2.2.5
• Lexical vs. Left-marginal Accent
• p. 55

• 2.2.6
• The Autonomy of Acuteness in Slavic
• p. 56

• 2.2.7
• Componential Interpretation of the Slavic Accents
• p. 59

• 2.2.8
• Slavic vs. Lithuanian
• p. 61

• 2.3
• Latvian and Old Prussian
• p. 62

• 2.3.1
• Latvian
• p. 62

• 2.3.2
• Old Prussian
• p. 64

• 2.4
• Conclusion: Proto-Balto-Slavic
• p. 67

• 2.4.1
• Accent
• p. 67

• 2.4.2
• Acuteness
• p. 70

• 2.4.3
• Summary
• p. 72

• 3
• The Origin of Acuteness
• p. 74

• 3.1
• The Scope of the Problem
• p. 74

• 3.2
• Jasanoff 2004: Acuteness from Length
• p. 76

• 3.2.1
• Balto-Slavic and Germanic
• p. 76

• 3.2.2
• Acute vs. Non-acute Diphthongs
• p. 78

• 3.3
• Kortlandt: Acuteness from Glottalic Contact
• p. 80

• 3.4
• The Treatment of Inherent Long Vowels
• p. 83

• 3.4.1
• Métatonie Douce
• p. 83

• 3.4.2
• Vrddhi and Narten Derivation
• p. 86

• 3.4.3
• Final Syllables
• p. 89

• 3.4.4
• Diphthongal Endings
• p. 91

• 3.4.5
• Monosyllables
• p. 95

• 3.5
• Acute vs. Circumflex in Verbal Forms
• p. 97

• 3.5.1
• BCS dònijeh, ùmrijeh, zàkleh, rijeh
• p. 97

• 3.5.2
• PSL *dâ, Lith. duos
• p. 99

• 3.5.3
• Lith. gere vs. bere
• p. 101

• 3.6
• Summary
• p. 102

• 4
• Mobility and the Left-Marginal Accent
• p. 104

• 4.1
• Post-mobility Accent Shifts: Hirt's Law
• p. 105

• 4.2
• Theories of Mobility
• p. 108

• 4.2.1
• Saussure 1896
• p. 108

• 4.2.2
• Oxytonicity and Mobility
• p. 109

• 4.2.3
• Evaluation
• p. 111

• 4.2.4
• Olander 2009
• p. 113

• 4.3
• Toward a New Theory
• p. 115

• 4.3.1
• Verbs
• p. 115

• 4.3.2
• The Structure of a Theory of Mobility
• p. 117

• 4.4
• Saussure-Pedersen's Law
• p. 118

• 4.4.1
• Saussure Revisited
• p. 118

• 4.4.2
• The "Obstacles"
• p. 120

• 4.4.3
• The Rule
• p. 122

• 4.4.4
• Phonetics and Phonology of SPL
• p. 125

• 4.5
• Proto-Vasil'ev-Dolobko's Law
• p. 126

• 4.5.1
• Word Length and Accent Placement
• p. 126

• 4.5.2
• The Rule and Its Effects
• p. 128

• 4.5.3
• The Origin of VDL
• p. 129

• 5
• Mobility in Nominal Forms
• p. 131

• 5.1
• a-, i-, and u-stems: The Light Cases
• p. 131

• 5.1.1
• The Common Curve
• p. 131

• 5.1.2
• Nominative Singular (x ..x)
• p. 133

• 5.1.3
• Genitive Singular (x .. x)
• p. 133

• 5.1.4
• Dative Singular (x .. x)
• p. 134

• 5.1.5
• Accusative Singular (x .. x)
• p. 135

• 5.1.6
• Locative Singular (x .. x)
• p. 137

• 5.1.7
• Nominative Plural (x .. x)
• p. 138

• 5.1.8
• Accusative Plural (x .. x)
• p. 139

• 5.1.9
• Nominative-accusative Dual (x .. x)
• p. 140

• 5.2
• Masculine o-stems: The Light Cases
• p. 141

• 5.2.1
• Forms Conforming to the Normal Curve
• p. 141

• 5.2.2
• Forms Not Conforming to the Normal Curve
• p. 142

• 5.2.2.1
• o-stem Genitive Singular (x .. x)
• p. 142

• 5.2.2.2
• o-stem Locative Singular (x .. x)
• p. 143

• 5.2.2.3
• o-stem Nominative Plural (x .. x)
• p. 144

• 5.2.3
• Summary: The Masculine o-stem Curve (Light Cases)
• p. 147

• 5.3
• The Heavy Cases
• p. 147

• 5.3.1
• Proto-VDL in nouns
• p. 147

• 5.3.2
• Genitive Plural (x .. x)
• p. 151

• 5.3.3
• Dative Plural (x .. x)
• p. 152

• 5.3.4
• Instrumental Plural (x .. x)
• p. 153

• 5.3.5
• Locative Plural (x .. x)
• p. 154

• 5.3.6
• Dative and Instrumental Dual (x .. x)
• p. 155

• 5.3.7
• Addendum: the Instrumental Singular
• p. 156

• 5.4
• Neuters
• p. 158

• 5.4.1
• o-stems
• p. 158

• 5.4.1.1
• The Nom.-Acc. Endings
• p. 158

• 5.4.1.2
• The Treatment of Oxytone Neuters
• p. 159

• 5.4.1.3
• Illic-Svityc's Law
• p. 162

• 5.4.1.4
• Root-accented o-stem Neuters
• p. 164

• 5.4.1.5
• Summary: Accent and Gender in Non-acute o-stems in Slavic
• p. 165

• 5.4.2
• Neuter Consonant Stems
• p. 166

• 5.5
• Pronouns
• p. 169

• 5.5.1
• Demonstratives
• p. 169

• 5.5.2
• Personal Pronouns
• p. 170

• 5.6
• Valency
• p. 172

• 5.6.1
• Dominant vs. Recessive
• p. 172

• 5.6.2
• Secondary Derivatives
• p. 174

• 5.6.3
• The Derivational Accent Rule
• p. 176

• 5.6.4
• Valency: Summary
• p. 179

• 6
• Mobility in the Verb
• p. 180

• 6.1
• Overview
• p. 180

• 6.2
• Thematic Presents
• p. 182

• 6.2.1
• The Simple Thematic Type
• p. 183

• 6.2.1.1
• Explaining Mobility
• p. 183

• 6.2.1.2
• The Accentuation of the Optative
• p. 186

• 6.2.1.3
• The Extension of the Mobile Pattern
• p. 188

• 6.2.1.4
• tudáti-presents and Thematic Barytonization
• p. 189

• 6.2.2
• Extended Thematic Presents
• p. 192

• 6.2.2.1
• Nasal Presents
• p. 192

• 6.2.2.2
• The Baltic Presents in -sta-
• p. 194

• 6.2.2.3
• Presents in *-ie/o-
• p. 195

• 6.2.3
• Thematic Presents: Summary
• p. 198

• 6.3
• "Semithematic" Presents in Baltic
• p. 199

• 6.3.1
• The Baltic Presents in *-a-
• p. 200

• 6.3.2
• The Baltic Presents in *-i-
• p. 201

• 6.3.3
• Immobility in i-presents
• p. 205

• 6.4
• The Slavic type in *-i-, inf. *-iti
• p. 207

• 6.4.1
• The "Regular" Forms
• p. 207

• 6.4.2
• AP b 1 vs. b 2
• p. 209

• 6.4.3
• "Poluotmetnost"
• p. 212

• 6.4.4
• The Origin of AP b 2
• p. 215

• 6.5
• Athematic Presents
• p. 217

• 6.6
• Beyond the Present System
• p. 220

• 6.6.1
• Mobility and Valency in the Slavic Verb
• p. 220

• 6.6.2
• The Infinitive and Supine
• p. 221

• 6.6.3
• The Aorist
• p. 223

• 6.6.4
• Participles
• p. 226

• 6.6.5
• Baltic
• p. 229

• 7
• Summary
• p. 231

• 7.1
• From PIE to Proto-Balto-Slavic
• p. 231

• 7.2
• From Proto-Balto-Slavic to the Later Languages
• p. 233

• Appendix: Glossary of Terms
• p. 235

• Bibliography
• p. 238

• Index of Forms Cited
• p. 251